Haploid embryogenesis and molecular detection of somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase (TcSERK) genes in sliced ovary cultures of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)

Gnanam, R.; Ramasamy, Sivachandran; Ravi, Nagganatha Suganthan; Krishnan, Rajalakshmi; Rajesh, Sasidharan; Raman, Renuka; Duraialaguraja, Sudhakar; Raveendran, M.; Vellaichamy, Jegadeeswari

doi:10.1007/s11816-022-00756-y

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, the occurrence of flat beans in cacao is very rare and the transmission of this trait to the offspring would be undesirable. A final strategy was the use of anther/ovule culture to produce double-haploid parents [17][18][19], however considerably more research and development will be required to make this technology operational.…”

Section: Snp Assisted Development Of Cacao Inbred Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of inbred lines as parents of hybrids could minimize the problems associated with both, clonal propagation and interclonal hybrid variability, by consolidating the advantages of both deployment methods, i.e., seed propagation and capture of hybrid vigor. This was attempted since the beginning of hybrid breeding in cacao by searching for naturally inbred selections from local populations (e.g., Amelonado, Matina) [10][11][12][13], using partially inbred lines [11,[13][14][15], looking for spontaneous haploids to be diploidized [16] and through the use of anther culture [17][18][19]. All these strategies ultimately try to overcome the challenge associated with the production of fully inbred parents in cacao by the traditional method of successive self-fertilizations, a lengthy process, given the long generation time in cacao (3-5 years/ generation) and large experimental area required (commonly 9 m 2 /tree).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-wide SNP genotyping as a simple and practical tool to accelerate the development of inbred lines in outbred tree species: An example in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Lopes

Pires²,

Gramacho³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Cacao is a globally important crop with a long history of domestication and selective breeding. Despite the increased use of elite clones by cacao farmers, worldwide plantations are established mainly using hybrid progeny material derived from heterozygous parents, therefore displaying high tree-to-tree variability. The deliberate development of hybrids from advanced inbred lines produced by successive generations of self-pollination has not yet been fully considered in cacao breeding. This is largely due to the self-incompatibility of the species, the long generation cycles (3–5 years) and the extensive trial areas needed to accomplish the endeavor. We propose a simple and accessible approach to develop inbred lines based on accelerating the buildup of homozygosity based on regular selfing assisted by genome-wide SNP genotyping. In this study we genotyped 90 clones from the Brazilian CEPEC´s germplasm collection and 49 inbred offspring of six S1 or S2 cacao families derived from self-pollinating clones CCN-51, PS-13.19, TSH-1188 and SIAL-169. A set of 3,380 SNPs distributed across the cacao genome were interrogated on the EMBRAPA multi-species 65k Infinium chip. The 90 cacao clones showed considerable variation in genome-wide SNP homozygosity (mean 0.727± 0.182) and 19 of them with homozygosity ≥90%. By assessing the increase in homozygosity across two generations of self-pollinations, SNP data revealed the wide variability in homozygosity within and between S1 and S2 families. Even in small families (<10 sibs), individuals were identified with up to ~1.5 standard deviations above the family mean homozygosity. From baseline homozygosities of 0.476 and 0.454, offspring with homozygosities of 0.862 and 0.879 were recovered for clones TSH-1188 and CCN-51 respectively, in only two generations of selfing (81–93% increase). SNP marker assisted monitoring and selection of inbred individuals can be a practical tool to optimize and accelerate the development of inbred lines of outbred tree species. This approach will allow a faster and more accurate exploitation of hybrid breeding strategies in cacao improvement programs and potentially in other perennial fruit and forest trees.

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Section: Snp Assisted Development Of Cacao Inbred Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide SNP genotyping as a simple and practical tool to accelerate the development of inbred lines in outbred tree species: An example in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Lopes

Pires²,

Gramacho³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Snp Assisted Development Of Cacao Inbred Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of inbred lines as parents of hybrids could minimize the problems associated with both, clonal propagation and interclonal hybrid variability, by consolidating the advantages of both deployment methods, i.e., seed propagation and capture of hybrid vigor. This was attempted since the beginning of hybrid breeding in cacao by searching for naturally inbred selections from local populations (e.g., Amelonado, Matina) [10][11][12][13], using partially inbred lines [11,[13][14][15], looking for spontaneous haploids to be diploidized [16] and through the use of anther culture [17][18][19]. All these strategies ultimately try to overcome the challenge associated with the production of fully inbred parents in cacao by the traditional method of successive selffertilizations, a lengthy process, given the long generation time in cacao (3)(4)(5) years/generation) and large experimental area required (commonly 9 m 2 /tree).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide SNP genotyping as a simple and practical tool to accelerate the development of inbred lines in outbred tree species: an example in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Lopes

Pires

Gramacho

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cacao is a globally important crop with a long history of domestication and selective breeding. Despite the increased use of elite clones by cacao farmers, worldwide plantations are established mainly using hybrid progeny material derived from heterozygous parents, therefore displaying high tree-to-tree variability. The deliberate development of hybrids from advanced inbred lines produced by successive generations of self-pollination has not yet been fully considered in cacao breeding. This is largely due to the self-incompatibility of the species, the long generation cycles (3-5 years) and the extensive trial areas needed to accomplish the endeavor. We propose a simple and accessible approach to develop inbred lines based on accelerating the buildup of homozygosity based on regular selfing assisted by genome-wide SNP genotyping. In this study we genotyped 90 clones from the Brazilian CEPEC's germplasm collection and 49 inbred offspring of six S 1 or S 2 cacao families derived from self-pollinating clones CCN-51, PS-13.19, TSH-1188 and SIAL-169. A set of 3,380 SNPs distributed across the cacao genome were interrogated on the EMBRAPA multi-species 65k Infinium chip. The 90 cacao clones showed considerable variation in genome-wide SNP homozygosity (mean 0.727 ± 0.182) and 19 of them with homozygosity >90%. By assessing the increase in homozygosity across two generations of self-pollinations, SNP data revealed the wide variability in homozygosity within and between S 1 and S 2 families. Even in small families (<10 sibs), individuals were identified with up to ~1.5 standard deviations above the family mean homozygosity. From baseline homozygosities of 0.476 and 0.454, offspring with homozygosities of 0.862 and 0.879 were recovered for clones TSH-1188 and CCN-51 respectively, in only two generations of selfing (81-93% increase). SNP marker assisted monitoring and selection of inbred individuals can be a practical tool to optimize and accelerate the development of inbred lines of outbred species. This approach will allow a faster and more accurate exploitation of hybrid strategies in cacao breeding programs and potentially in other perennial fruit and forest trees.

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“…. ÖzkumÇiner and Tipirdamaz (2002) andRamasamy et al (2022) also found a reduced embryo formation after cold pre-treatment due to callus induction on the explants and explained that the pretreatment effect could also vary based on the culture condition as well as genotypes. (1998) found out similar results in tomato, that the cold shock and gamma rays treatments of anthers enhanced callus production, shoot formation and plant regeneration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Androgenesis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)-Effect of genotypes, microspore development stage, pre-treatments and media composition on induction of haploids

Kambale

Gnanam

Balasubramanian

et al. 2023

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Doubled haploid (DH) technology remarkably accelerates the crop breeding by obtaining homozygous lines in a single generation. The present study was targeted in generating haploid plants through androgenesis. Anthers from immature flower buds of six tomato genotypes viz., LE-1230, LE-1236, LE-1256 TLCV 2, PKM 1 and TNAU tomato hybrid CO 3 were used for induction of haploids. A preliminary study based on callus induction frequency (CIF), more than 5% was helpful in short listing flower bud size, pre-treatments and growth regulator combinations. Subsequently, anthers from two different sized flower buds (4 and 6 mm length), dissected either from fresh or pre-treated flower buds (2 and 5 days in dark at 4 °C or gamma irradiated) were inoculated in MS medium fortified with different growth regulators for callus induction. Among the genotypes, TLCV 2 had recorded the maximum CIF (38.80%) from anthers of 4 mm long flower buds followed by TNAU tomato hybrid CO 3 (34.70%). Throughout the study, anthers from 4 mm long flower buds responded the best for callus induction. Among the pre-treatments, anthers from gamma irradiated flower buds recorded the highest CIF (31.90%) when compared to others. Cold shock (4 °C) in dark to flower buds for 2 days had improved the CIF of anthers when compared to fresh in LE 1230, LE 1238, TLCV2 and TNAU tomato hybrid CO 3, but when the cold shock was increased to 5 days, invariably there was a reduction in CIF in all the six genotypes. TA 8 (MS + 2iP (0.5 mg L-1) + NAA (0.5 mg L-1)) medium was found to be the best for maximum CIF in LE 1230 and PKM1, TA1 (MS + 2iP (1.0 mg L-1) + IAA (2.0 mg L-1)) in LE 1238, LE 1256 and TNAU tomato hybrid CO 3 and TA7 (MS + 2iP (0.5 mg L-1) + Kinetin (1.5 mg L-1) + NAA (1.0 mg L-1)) for TLCV 2 genotypes. The callus induced was sub cultured at monthly intervals in the same medium for proliferation and later transferred to regeneration medium. A good number of shoots got regenerated only from anther calli of TNAU hybrid CO 3 that was sub cultured in MS medium fortified with Zeatin (0.5 mg L-1). The clumps of shoots induced were separated and inoculated in MS medium supplemented with GA3 (0.5 mg L-1) for shoot elongation. After 4-6 weeks, the elongated shoots were transferred to half strength MS medium enhanced with IBA (1 mg L-1). Profuse rooting from the base of the shoot was noticed in 4-5 weeks. The stomatal count with leaves from the diploid plants and in vitro plants observed were 3-4 and 1 respectively indicating the haploidy nature of in vitro plants.

show abstract

Haploid embryogenesis and molecular detection of somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase (TcSERK) genes in sliced ovary cultures of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)

Cited by 4 publications

References 69 publications

Genome-wide SNP genotyping as a simple and practical tool to accelerate the development of inbred lines in outbred tree species: An example in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Genome-wide SNP genotyping as a simple and practical tool to accelerate the development of inbred lines in outbred tree species: An example in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Genome-wide SNP genotyping as a simple and practical tool to accelerate the development of inbred lines in outbred tree species: an example in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Androgenesis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)-Effect of genotypes, microspore development stage, pre-treatments and media composition on induction of haploids

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