Haplogroups as evolutionary markers of cognitive ability

Rindermann, Heiner; Woodley, Michael A.; Stratford, James P.

doi:10.1016/j.intell.2012.04.002

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Rindermann, Woodley, and Stratford (2012) show, based on evolutionary theory, that there are substantial correlations between mean IQ scores of countries and genetic markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Flynn effect on g?: A meta-analysis

Nijenhuis

Flier

2013

Intelligence

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“…Rindermann, Woodley, and Stratford (2012) show, based on evolutionary theory, that there are substantial correlations between mean IQ scores of countries and genetic markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Flynn effect on g?: A meta-analysis

Nijenhuis

Flier

2013

Intelligence

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“…21 In behavioural terms, cultural innovations seeking to reduce the impact of UVR, such as the topical application of powdered clays including ochre, could also have reduced the pressure induced by increasing exposure to UVR. Changes in climate and ecology have been shown to provoke speciation and extinction 22 and it has been proposed that these may have acted as selective pressures for enhanced cognition 23,24 . Given that darker-skinned individuals are also susceptible to the harmful effects of UVR, 19 the development of effective sun-protection strategies may have been essential in prehistory.…”

Section: Ultraviolet Radiation Protective Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the photoprotective effects of red ochre on human skin by in vitro laboratory experiments

Rifkin¹,

d’Errico²,

Dayet³

et al. 2015

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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Archaeological indicators of cognitive complexity become increasingly prevalent during the African Middle Stone Age, with the habitual exploitation of red ochre widely viewed as a key feature of the emergence of modern human behaviour. Given that some of the uses of ochre remain ambiguous, we present the preliminary results of an ongoing study in which we explore the efficacy of red ochre as a photoprotective device or sunscreen. The capacity of ochre to inhibit the susceptibility of humans to the detrimental effects of ultraviolet radiation was confirmed through the in vitro calculation of the sun protection factor values of samples derived from the Kunene Region in Namibia and the Bokkeveld Group deposits, Western Cape Province, South Africa. Visible spectroscopy was employed to determine colourimetric parameters of samples and assess the correlation between ochre colour and sun protection factor. The possible role of ochre as a sunscreen agent for hominin populations, including modern humans, during the Middle Stone Age in Africa is explored. We conclude that the habitual use of red ochre as a photoprotective agent likely played a role in the ability of prehistoric humans to adapt to novel environmental circumstances.

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“…A limitation that might be more difficult to overcome was presented by Rindermann et al (2012). The present study may not capture the emergence of present-day general cognitive abilities based on "population movement," that may have led ancestral populations to relocate to newer locations and be differentially affected by the local environments (e.g., social privilege).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…As food sources were more abundant, individuals were presumed to be oriented to faster life history strategies. Several variants of differential-K theory that have been proposed were reviewed by Rindermann, Woodley, and Stratford (2012), but they all present similar causal hypotheses. Although this simple model was roughly explanatory of the observed continental-level variations among large-scale human population clusters (e.g.…”

Section: Differential-k Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process would produce what are known as gene-environment correlations that might partially confound the present results (Scarr & McCartney, 1983). A way to overcome this limitation and carefully test evolutionary hypotheses would be to employ the use of genetic Y-haplogroups, as utilized by Rindermann et al (2012). While the approach may be ideal for between-country analyses, Y-haplogroup data may be less variable at the within-country level (e.g., Mexico), unless different regions of Mexico experienced different levels of European immigration (as by differential habitat selection, once again producing possible gene-environment correlations).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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