Hantavirus: an infectious cause of acute kidney injury in the UK

Adams, Kate; Jameson, Lisa; Meigh, R.; Brooks, Tim

doi:10.1136/bcr-2014-205529

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…On the other hand, CKDu in Sri Lanka is known to develop from tubular damage [34,35]. Several Old World hantaviruses have been reported to cause AKI but not HFRS [36]. Furthermore, it has been reported that chronic proteinuria continues even several years after recovery from hantavirus infection [32,37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Hantavirus is a Risk Factor Associated with Kidney Diseases in Sri Lanka: A Cross Sectional Study

Sarathkumara

Gamage

Lokupathirage

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) imposes a substantial burden on public health in Sri Lankan agricultural communities. High seroprevalences of hantavirus have been reported in CKDu patients in several locations of Sri Lanka. We carried out a cross-sectional study followed by an unmatched case-control comparison in two geographically distinct areas of Sri Lanka, Girandurukotte (CKDu endemic) and Kandy (CKDu non-endemic) to determine whether exposure to hantaviruses is a potential risk factor in patients with kidney disease. An indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay using two antigens, Thailand orthohantavirus-infected and recombinant N protein-expressing Vero E6 cells, were used for serodiagnosis. Participants’ demographic and other socio-economic data were collected through a structured questionnaire. Fifty kidney disease patients and 270 controls from Kandy and 104 kidney disease patients and 242 controls from Girandurukotte were examined. Seropositivities were 50% and 17.4% in kidney patients and controls, respectively, in Girandurukotte, and they were 18% and 7% in Kandy. The odds of exposure to hantaviruses were higher for kidney disease patients than for controls in both Girandurukotte (OR:3.66, 95% CI:2.01 to 6.64) and Kandy (OR:2.64, 95% CI:1.07 to 6.54) in binary logistic regression models. According to statistical analysis, individuals exposed to hantaviruses had a higher risk of developing renal impairment. Therefore, hantavirus infection might be an important risk factor for development of kidney disease in Sri Lanka.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Hantavirus is a Risk Factor Associated with Kidney Diseases in Sri Lanka: A Cross Sectional Study

Sarathkumara

Gamage

Lokupathirage

et al. 2019

Viruses

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“…Of interest, a Yorkshire famer was later proven by IFA and SIA to have contracted SEOV-HFRS. Like his Northern Irish colleagues 20 years earlier, leptospirosis was originally suspected, but not confirmed [108]. However, a brown rat on his farm yielded in RT-PCR an amplicon having 97% nucleotide sequence similarity with the British laboratory rat SEOV strain IR461, and resulted in a second British SEOV isolation, called Humber virus.…”

Section: Overview Of Chronological Seov Findings By Continentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild Rats, Laboratory Rats, Pet Rats: Global Seoul Hantavirus Disease Revisited

Clément¹,

LeDuc

Lloyd

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Recent reports from Europe and the USA described Seoul orthohantavirus infection in pet rats and their breeders/owners, suggesting the potential emergence of a “new” public health problem. Wild and laboratory rat-induced Seoul infections have, however, been described since the early eighties, due to the omnipresence of the rodent reservoir, the brown rat Rattus norvegicus. Recent studies showed no fundamental differences between the pathogenicity and phylogeny of pet rat-induced Seoul orthohantaviruses and their formerly described wild or laboratory rat counterparts. The paucity of diagnosed Seoul virus-induced disease in the West is in striking contrast to the thousands of cases recorded since the 1980s in the Far East, particularly in China. This review of four continents (Asia, Europe, America, and Africa) puts this “emerging infection” into a historical perspective, concluding there is an urgent need for greater medical awareness of Seoul virus-induced human pathology in many parts of the world. Given the mostly milder and atypical clinical presentation, sometimes even with preserved normal kidney function, the importance of simple but repeated urine examination is stressed, since initial but transient proteinuria and microhematuria are rarely lacking.

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“…12 In 2011, a 59-year-old man who worked on a rat-infested pig farm in Yorkshire, GB, was diagnosed with SEOV-HFRS, and SEOV was detected in wild rats from the same pig farm. 16 However, very little is known about SEOV in British wild rats in terms of distribution or prevalence and therefore the public health risk is unclear. In this report, we describe a study of hantavirus surveillance in wild brown rats in Northern England and Wales in order to begin to better understand the epidemiology of this infection, and therefore its public health risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Seoul virus in wild brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from pig farms in Northern England

et al. 2019

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IntroductionHantaviruses are maintained by mammalian hosts, such as rodents, and are shed in their excretions. Clinical disease can occur in humans from spillover infection. Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are the globally distributed reservoir host of Seoul virus (SEOV). Human cases of SEOV-associated haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (SEOV-HFRS)have been reported in Great Britain (GB) since 1977.MethodsBrown rats (n=68) were trapped from a variety of peridomestic locations, with a focus on pig farms. Kidney and lung tissues were tested for viral RNA using a pan-hantavirus RT-PCR assay followed by Sanger sequencing and analysis.ResultsSEOV RNA was detected in 19 per cent (13/68, 95% CI 11 to 30) of rats and all sequences fell within SEOV lineage 9. Twelve sequences were highly similar to each other and to the previously reported GB Humber strain of SEOV (98 per cent). One rat SEOV sequence was more distant. The SEOV prevalence in rats from pig farms was significantly greater (p=0.047) than other sites sampled. No significant sex or age differences were observed among positive and negative rats.DiscussionThe results from this study suggest that SEOV could be widespread in wild rats in GB and therefore pose a potential risk to public health.

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Hantavirus: an infectious cause of acute kidney injury in the UK

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Exposure to Hantavirus is a Risk Factor Associated with Kidney Diseases in Sri Lanka: A Cross Sectional Study

Exposure to Hantavirus is a Risk Factor Associated with Kidney Diseases in Sri Lanka: A Cross Sectional Study

Wild Rats, Laboratory Rats, Pet Rats: Global Seoul Hantavirus Disease Revisited

Detection of Seoul virus in wild brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from pig farms in Northern England

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