Hansen's disease (leprosy) complicated by secondary mycobacterial infection

Scollard, David M.; Stryjewska, Barbara M.; Prestigiacomo, John F.; Gillis, Thomas P.; Waguespack-LaBiche, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2009.10.004

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Another diagnostic option could be a combination of leprosy and TB as the primary cause for the HOA. Before effective treatment for either disease co‐infection with M tuberculosis among leprosy patients was well known and was described as ‘…actually the most frequent cause of death in [leprosy]’ (Lee et al , 2003; Scollard et al , 2006; Scollard et al , in press). These two coexistent diseases could explain the osteolysis of the metatarsals as being the result of an infection with M. leprae later complicated by pulmonary TB, the latter responsible for the lesions to the lumbar and sacral region as well as for the proliferative lesions in the lower long limbs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periostitis and osteolysis in a medieval skeleton from South‐West Hungary: (Leprosy, treponematosis, tuberculosis or hypertrophic osteoarthropathy) A diagnostic challenge!

Christensen

Martı́nez-Lavı́n

Pineda³

2011

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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This paper uses macroscopic and radiological examinations to provide differential diagnoses of pathological lesions in the well-preserved skeleton of a young male from the medieval site of Zalavá r in South-West Hungary. Macroscopic inspection of the skeleton revealed conspicuous thickening of the tibiae and fibulae with 'tree bark' appearance of the cortex. Periosteal proliferations are also found on the calcanea and on the posterior part of the femora. The metatarsals showed bony proliferation and bone dissolution. No alteration of the axial skeleton or the skull was noted. Radiographs showed thickening of the cortex of tubular bones due to a multilayered type of periosteal apposition. The likelihood of these symptoms being the result of melorheostosis, hypervitaminosis A, fluorosis, thyroid acropachy, endosteal hyperostosis, tuberculosis (TB), hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA), treponematosis and leprosy is reviewed. None completely explains the entire spectrum of pathological lesions in the current individual, but the individual may have suffered from two coexistent diseases. As a clinical entity, the changes in the metatarsals are compatible with leprosy, whereas the periosteal proliferations of the lower limbs point to a diagnosis of HOA as a secondary syndrome. Thus, a combination of leprosy and TB is suggested as a potential diagnosis. Although not definitive, our differential diagnosis was able to exclude a number of conditions producing periosteal apposition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periostitis and osteolysis in a medieval skeleton from South‐West Hungary: (Leprosy, treponematosis, tuberculosis or hypertrophic osteoarthropathy) A diagnostic challenge!

Christensen

Martı́nez-Lavı́n

Pineda³

2011

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…The positive association between leprosy and HBV infection has been repeatedly reported since the 1970s, 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 although absence of association has also been found. 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 Prevalence of HBV–leprosy co-infection depends on many factors, such as local endemicity and the sensitivity of methods used for HBV detection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Leprosy and hepatitis B coinfection in southern Brazil

Leitão

Ueda

Braga

et al. 2014

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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To investigate the association of leprosy with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, as yet unknown for South Brazil, we assessed hepatitis B virus coinfection in 199 South Brazilian leprosy patients (119 lepromatous, 15 tuberculoid, 30 borderline, 12 undetermined and 23 unspecified) and in 681 matched blood donors by screening for the hepatitis B virus markers HBSAg and anti-HBc, using ELISA. Positive samples were retested and anti-HBc+ only samples were tested for the hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs). There was a strong association between leprosy and hepatitis B virus infection (OR=9.8, 95% CI=6.4-14.7; p=0.004 · E(-30)), as well as an association between HBV infection and lepromatous leprosy, compared to other forms (OR=2.4, 95% CI=1.2-4.8; p=0.017). We also found that confinement due to leprosy was associated with hepatitis B virus infection (OR=3.9, 95% CI=2.1-7.4; p=0.015 · E(-3)). Leprosy patients are susceptible to develop hepatitis B virus infection, especially lepromatous. Institutionalized patients, who probably present a stronger Th2 response, have higher risk of being exposed to hepatitis B virus. This clearly emphasizes the need for special care to leprosy patients in preventing hepatitis B virus coinfection in South Brazil.

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“…The condition will be reversed provided the therapy is done as specified. Apart from this many natural plant remedies are also available which include neem paste, hydrocotyle asiatica, and frankincense aromatherapy, respectively [67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74]. Patients should negotiate all home remedies with their practitioner before utilizing such methods.…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Agents for the Treatment of Leprosy Infection

Ahmed

Anuradha

Wadhwa

2021

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Leprosy is an ancient disease which is caused due to bacterial infection while curable but endures to be a substantial health problem in numerous parts across the world. It is an extremely contagious disease that is caused by any of 3 strains of bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Nontuberculous Mycobacterium; and Mycobacterium leprae. In several regions of Brazil, leprosy is a health issue which is still an endemic. Mainly skin, peripheral nerves, eyes, and mucosa of the upper respiratory tract are affected due to this chronic infection. As per the data shared by WHO across 159 countries globally, there were around 208,619 new leprosy cases reported. The global prevalence of leprosy is overcome with the aid of multidrug therapy which remains to be the chiefly targeted for treatment. The multidrug therapy gets attention as they show tremendous potential in fighting this disease. This review briefs about the different drugs and strategies which are used in treatment and superintendence of leprosy.

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Hansen's disease (leprosy) complicated by secondary mycobacterial infection

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Periostitis and osteolysis in a medieval skeleton from South‐West Hungary: (Leprosy, treponematosis, tuberculosis or hypertrophic osteoarthropathy) A diagnostic challenge!

Periostitis and osteolysis in a medieval skeleton from South‐West Hungary: (Leprosy, treponematosis, tuberculosis or hypertrophic osteoarthropathy) A diagnostic challenge!

Leprosy and hepatitis B coinfection in southern Brazil

A Review on Agents for the Treatment of Leprosy Infection

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