Handgun waiting periods reduce gun deaths

Luca, Michael; Malhotra, Deepak; Poliquin, Christopher

doi:10.1073/pnas.1619896114

Cited by 73 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…A policy requiring background checks for all gun sales, a measure supported by 92 percent of Americans (Gallup, "Guns"), appears in the realm of the possible, for instance. Other measures, such as mandatory waiting periods (Luca et al, 2017;Ludwig, 2017), restrictions on concealed weapons or reinstating the assault weapon ban (Donohue and Boulouta, 2019) may contribute to stemming gun violence to an extent.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guns, identity, and nationhood

Jouet

2019

Palgrave Commun

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The article provides a theoretical perspective on the symbolic meaning of the right to bear arms in modern America, especially among its conservative movement. Neglecting this issue, scholarship on gun symbolism has commonly focused on guns possessed by offenders in inner-cities, such as juveniles or gang members. Offering a multidisciplinary and comparative outlook, the article explains how guns have become symbols of a worldview under which armed patriots must stand ready to defend America from "tyranny," "big government," "socialism," and other existential threats. In particular, the U.S. conservative movement does not merely perceive the right to bear arms as a means of selfdefense against criminals, but as a safeguard against an oppressive government that "patriots" may have to overthrow by force. The article examines the hypothesis that guns foster a sense of belonging in this conception of nationhood. This worldview is not solely limited to politicians, elites, or activists, as it can encompass rank-and-file conservatives. Group identification can rest on sharing radical beliefs that enhance cohesion, including rallying against perceived threats. This mindset helps explain resistance to elementary reforms to regulate firearms. If one believes that an unbridled right to bear arms is not only key to protecting the United States, but also key to what it means to be an American, concessions on gun control become difficult to envision. While conservatives in other Western democracies tend to support significant gun control, a key dimension of American exceptionalism is the relative normalization of a conservative identity in which firearms have acquired a peculiar symbolic value.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guns, identity, and nationhood

Jouet

2019

Palgrave Commun

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“…Third, there is a large literature on the impact of gun policies on crime (Duggan 2001;Ludwig and Cook 2000;Ludwig and Cook 2003;Abrams 2012;Luca, Malhotra, and Poliquin 2017). While some gun policies have been extensively researched, many have been difficult to study, which complicates analysis of which policies would be most effective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Mass Shootings on Gun Policy

Luca

Malhotra²,

Poliquin

2016

SSRN Journal

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“…The underlying cognitive insights in these cases are twofold: First, limiting the number of chats to which a message can be forwarded and removing the share button from media posts introduced a delay, or coolingoff period. Cooling-off periods are known to affect people's willingness to engage in an activity (e.g., see Luca, Malhotra, & Poliquin, 2017 for the effect of cooling-off periods on gun violence in the United States). Second, identifying a forwarded message as such provided a cue to users that the message originated not from a (potentially trusted) contact but from elsewhere.…”

Section: Technocognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizens Versus the Internet: Confronting Digital Challenges With Cognitive Tools

Kozyreva¹,

Lewandowsky²,

Hertwig³

2019

Preprint

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The Internet has evolved into a ubiquitous and indispensable digital environment in which people communicate, seek information, and make decisions. Despite offering various benefits, online environments are also replete with smart, highly adaptive choice architectures designed primarily to maximize commercial interests, capture and sustain users’ attention, monetize user data, and predict and influence future behavior. This online landscape holds multiple negative consequences for society, such as a decline in human autonomy, rising incivility in online conversation, the facilitation of political extremism, and the spread of disinformation. Benevolent choice architects working with regulators may curb the worst excesses of manipulative choice architectures, yet the strategic advantages, resources, and data remain with commercial players. One way to address this imbalance is with interventions that empower Internet users to gain some control over their digital environments, in part by boosting their information literacy and their cognitive resistance to manipulation. Our goal is to present a conceptual map of interventions that are based on insights from psychological science. We begin by systematically outlining how online and offline environments differ despite being increasingly inextricable. We then identify four major types of challenges that users encounter in online environments: persuasive and manipulative choice architectures, AI-assisted information architectures, false and misleading information, and distractive environments. Next, we turn to how psychological science can inform interventions to counteract these challenges of the digital world. After distinguishing between three types of behavioral and cognitive interventions—nudges, technocognition, and boosts—we focus in on boosts, of which we identify two main groups: (1) those aimed at enhancing people’s agency in their digital environments (e.g., self-nudging, deliberate ignorance) and (2) those aimed at boosting competences of reasoning and resilience to manipulation (e.g., simple decision aids, inoculation). These cognitive tools are designed to foster the civility of online discourse and protect reason and human autonomy against manipulative choice architectures, attention-grabbing techniques, and the spread of false information.

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Handgun waiting periods reduce gun deaths

Cited by 73 publications

References 17 publications

Guns, identity, and nationhood

Guns, identity, and nationhood

The Impact of Mass Shootings on Gun Policy

Citizens Versus the Internet: Confronting Digital Challenges With Cognitive Tools

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