Handboek beeldende therapie

Development of an art-therapy intervention for patients with personality disorders: an intervention mapping study

“…In addition, playful strategies activate patients to explore and develop alternative patterns in acting, thinking, and feeling (Schweizer et al, 2009). These strategies stimulate a mindful self-dialogue, expression of feelings in the present moment, selfawareness and self-agency (Rubin, 2001;Schweizer et al, 2009), change in behaviour, thoughts, or feelings, reflection on (contradictory) feelings and reappraisal, acceptance and integration of these feelings, corrective experiences, increased insight (Huckvale & Learmonth, 2009;Van Vreeswijk, Broersen, Bloo, & Haeyen, 2012), understanding oneself in interactions with others, personal growth, and making decisions (e.g. Franks & Whitaker, 2007;Karterud & Pedersen, 2004;Springham, Findlay, Woods, & Harris, 2012).…”

“…The art therapist sometimes also applies psycho-education in verbal reactions to a patient's personal patterns and characteristics in the art process and artwork. Because the therapist works through the use of material and experimental techniques and methods, the therapeutic relationship is developed, stimulated, and maintained in a triangular relationship between clientmaterialstherapist (Schweizer et al, 2009), and if art therapy is conducted in a group, this adds even more layers of interaction to the process (Karkou & Sanderson, 2006).…”

“…In addition to verbal therapies, multidisciplinary treatment for PD patients often consists of art therapy. Art therapy focuses on individual treatment goals with the aim of development, stabilisation, or acceptance on emotional, cognitive, social, or physical level in the patient (Schweizer et al, 2009). The experiential process of art making (drawing, painting, sculpture and other forms) and the art products of personal expression arising from this are used by the art therapist within the therapeutic relationship.…”

“…Art therapy is seen as a playful situation in which freedom, individuality, and self-direction can be experienced as well as sensory perception, expression of emotions and a way of structuring meaning. Art therapists consider the art processes as a way to understand one's own life narrative and meaning (Schweizer et al, 2009).…”

“…Social functioning is often a problem area for PD patients, and art therapy can focus on interpersonal goals during social interactions in the present moment, with possible links to previous experiences in life. Art therapy makes patterns in feelings, behaviour, and thought visible and tangible, and it appeals directly to mindfulness and (self-) perception skills that offer a basis to develop behaviour (Schweizer et al, 2009). Horn et al (2015) conclude that art therapy is a better entrance for many PD patients to explore their dysfunctional patterns compared with the more cognitive verbal therapies.…”