Hand Knob Area of Premotor Cortex Represents the Whole Body in a Compositional Way

Willett, Francis R.; Deo, Darrel R.; Avansino, Donald T.; Rezaii, Paymon; Hochberg, Leigh R.; Henderson, Jaimie M.; Shenoy, Krishna V.

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.043

Cited by 120 publications

(198 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, premotor cortical regions show a greater change in neural representations between unimanual and bimanual motor actions (Tanji et al, 1987, 1988; Rokni et al, 2003; Willett et al, 2020). During bimanual movements, Willett and colleagues, (2019) found relatively small reductions in the contralateral representation in the premotor cortex of humans, but larger reductions for the ipsilateral representation on the order of 50%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Cisek et al, (2003) also found that the preferred direction of neurons during reaching are correlated for the two limbs. This lack of orthogonality in premotor regions may result in a reduction of the ipsilateral representation in order to reduce interference during bimanual motor actions (Rokni et al, 2003; Willett et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, by using both the mirror and opposite activities the estimated fit parameters were less affected by sampling error than the equivalent unimanual fit parameters. This was a problem for comparing activity magnitudes between contexts as higher sampling error will overestimate activity magnitude (Willett et al, 2020). Consider an example where we estimate α with some sampling error η such that .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many neurophysiological investigations of bimanual movements have focused on premotor areas, such as dorsal premotor and supplementary motor cortex (Tanji et al, 1987, 1988; Donchin et al, 1998; Kermadi et al, 2000; Willett et al, 2020). During unimanual reaches, these areas exhibits similar tuning for the contralateral and ipsilateral limbs (Steinberg et al, 2002; Cisek et al, 2003) with overlapping subspaces (~50%) for the contralateral- and ipsilateral-related activity (Willett et al, 2020). During bimanual motor actions, the contralateral-related activity is largely unchanged, whereas the ipsilateral activity is reduced by ~50% (Rokni et al, 2003; Willett et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During unimanual reaches, these areas exhibits similar tuning for the contralateral and ipsilateral limbs (Steinberg et al, 2002; Cisek et al, 2003) with overlapping subspaces (~50%) for the contralateral- and ipsilateral-related activity (Willett et al, 2020). During bimanual motor actions, the contralateral-related activity is largely unchanged, whereas the ipsilateral activity is reduced by ~50% (Rokni et al, 2003; Willett et al, 2020). It has been hypothesized that the suppression of the ipsilateral representation and its decoupling from the contralateral representation reduces its interference on the descending contralateral motor commands during bimanual control (Rokni et al, 2003; Willett et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maintained representations of the ipsilateral and contralateral limbs during bimanual control in primary motor cortex

Cross

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Cook

et al. 2020

Preprint

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223/250 words) 3 3 Primary motor cortex (M1) almost exclusively controls the contralateral side of the body. 4However, M1 activity is also modulated during ipsilateral body movements. Previous work has 3 5shown that M1 activity related to the ipsilateral arm is independent of the M1 activity related to 3 6 the contralateral arm. How do these patterns of activity interact when both arms move 3 7 simultaneously? We explored this problem by training two monkeys (male, Macaca mulatta) in a 3 8 postural perturbation task while recording from M1. Loads were applied to one arm at a time 3 9

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maintained representations of the ipsilateral and contralateral limbs during bimanual control in primary motor cortex

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Cook

et al. 2020

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Mapping of multiple muscles with transcranial magnetic stimulation: absolute and relative test–retest reliability

Nazarova

Новиков

Ivanina

et al. 2021

Human Brain Mapping

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The spatial accuracy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may be as small as a few millimeters. Despite such great potential, navigated TMS (nTMS) mapping is still underused for the assessment of motor plasticity, particularly in clinical settings.Here, we investigate the within-limb somatotopy gradient as well as absolute and relative reliability of three hand muscle cortical representations (MCRs) using a comprehensive grid-based sulcus-informed nTMS motor mapping. We enrolled 22 young healthy male volunteers. Two nTMS mapping sessions were separated by 5-10 days.Motor evoked potentials were obtained from abductor pollicis brevis (APB), abductor digiti minimi, and extensor digitorum communis. In addition to individual MRI-based analysis, we studied normalized MNI MCRs. For the reliability assessment, we calculated intraclass correlation and the smallest detectable change. Our results revealed a somatotopy gradient reflected by APB MCR having the most lateral location. Reliability analysis showed that the commonly used metrics of MCRs, such as areas, volumes, centers of gravity (COGs), and hotspots had a high relative and low absolute reliability for all three muscles. For within-limb TMS somatotopy, the most common metrics such as the shifts between MCR COGs and hotspots had poor relative reliability. However, overlaps between different muscle MCRs were highly reliable. We, thus, provide novel evidence that inter-muscle MCR interaction can be reliably traced using MCR overlaps while shifts between the COGs and hotspots of different MCRs are not suitable for this purpose. Our results have implications for the interpretation of nTMS motor mapping results in healthy subjects and patients with neurological conditions.

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Olivocerebellar Somatotopy Revisited

Michikawa

Miyawaki

2021

Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience

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Hand Knob Area of Premotor Cortex Represents the Whole Body in a Compositional Way

Cited by 120 publications

References 69 publications

Maintained representations of the ipsilateral and contralateral limbs during bimanual control in primary motor cortex

Maintained representations of the ipsilateral and contralateral limbs during bimanual control in primary motor cortex

Mapping of multiple muscles with transcranial magnetic stimulation: absolute and relative test–retest reliability

Olivocerebellar Somatotopy Revisited

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