Hand Dimensions and Grip Strength: A Comparison of Manual and Non-manual Workers

Saremi, Mahnaz; Rostamzadeh, Sajjad

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-96065-4_56

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Hand grip strength is commonly measured in a clinical or sports medicine context as an indicator of overall muscle strength [47][48][49][50][51]. Grip strength reflects the gross power of the hand and has been found to be strongly associated with physical activity [52][53][54][55], as well as anthropometric traits, such as age and sex [56][57][58], hand length and shape [59,60], handedness [61], and body mass index [62][63][64]. For example, males typically have a stronger average grip strength than females [56,65].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most previous studies of grip strength have focused on specific populations [57,[74][75][76], occupations and activities [51,52,54], or sex and age [77][78][79] with the aim to better understand health, but these same methods may also be useful for understanding the broader scope of form and function from an evolutionary perspective. Although informative, these studies do not fully capture the potential variability in the key factors that can affect grip strength, particularly hand size, shape, and daily use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Get a Grip: Variation in Human Hand Grip Strength and Implications for Human Evolution

et al. 2021

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Although hand grip strength is critical to the daily lives of humans and our arboreal great ape relatives, the human hand has changed in form and function throughout our evolution due to terrestrial bipedalism, tool use, and directional asymmetry (DA) such as handedness. Here we investigate how hand form and function interact in modern humans to gain an insight into our evolutionary past. We measured grip strength in a heterogeneous, cross-sectional sample of human participants (n = 662, 17 to 83 years old) to test the potential effects of age, sex, asymmetry (hand dominance and handedness), hand shape, occupation, and practice of sports and musical instruments that involve the hand(s). We found a significant effect of sex and hand dominance on grip strength, but not of handedness, while hand shape and age had a greater influence on female grip strength. Females were significantly weaker with age, but grip strength in females with large hands was less affected than those with long hands. Frequent engagement in hand sports significantly increased grip strength in the non-dominant hand in both sexes, while only males showed a significant effect of occupation, indicating different patterns of hand dominance asymmetries and hand function. These results improve our understanding of the link between form and function in both hands and offer an insight into the evolution of human laterality and dexterity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Get a Grip: Variation in Human Hand Grip Strength and Implications for Human Evolution

et al. 2021

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“…Studies have shown that low handgrip strength (HGS) in children and adolescents is the sign of a poorer metabolic profile and nutritional status which on many occasions will result in obesity, low levels of fitness, and premature mortality in adulthood [ 10 – 12 ]. As a physiological variable, handgrip strength is affected by anthropometric and demographic factors including gender, age, nutritional status, position and orientation of the hand, body size, and hand preference [ 13 – 16 ]. Although some studies have also demonstrated that weight and height are positively correlated with hand strength in pubertal years, the impact of these variables is considerably lesser than that of either gender or age [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative data for handgrip strength in Iranian healthy children and adolescents aged 7–18 years: comparison with international norms

et al. 2021

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Background Grip strength is an essential component of physical fitness. The objective of this study was to develop normative handgrip strength data for Iranian healthy boys and girls comparing their handgrip strength with international reference values. Methods Handgrip strength was measured in 2637 healthy children/adolescents (1391 boys and 1246 girls), aged 7–18 years, using a standard adjustable Jamar hand dynamometer (Model 5030 J1, Sammons Preston Rolyan, Bolingbrook, IL, USA). Body mass (kg) and stature (cm) were measured and body mass index was computed in kg/m2. The sample was stratified by gender, age, and hand preference. Results Handgrip strength increased with age and was considerably higher in boys than in girls for all age groups (p < 0.001). Grip strength had a parallel and linear growth for both genders until the age of about 11 years and showed a steeper upward slope in boys than in girls thereafter. The findings of the current investigation were significantly different from those of the previously published normative data, especially for boys over the age of 12 years and girls in the age range of 7–18 years (p < 0.001). This difference was mainly in such a way that the Iranians had lower handgrip strength. Conclusions The differences between present results and those of similar available in the literature in this field emphasize the significant role of using normative data specific to a particular population in research or clinical settings.

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“…Some studies have also shown that although height and weight are positively correlated with hand strengths in pubertal years, the influence of these variables is considerably smaller than that of either gender or age [17,21]. Considering anthropometric dimensions, previous studies have found a strong correlation with handgrip and pinch strengths in adults [22][23][24], which was confirmed in children and adolescents in few studies [25]. In addition, there are contradictory findings in the studies on the anthropometric variables affecting hand strengths (HGS and PSs) in different age ranges [20,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Analysis of hand-forearm anthropometric components in assessing handgrip and pinch strengths of school-aged children and adolescents: a partial least squares (PLS) approach

et al. 2021

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Background The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of hand-forearm anthropometric dimensions on handgrip and pinch strengths among 7–18 years children and adolescents and to investigate the extent to which these variables can be used to predict hand strength. Methods Four types of hand strengths including handgrip, tip to tip, key, and three-jaw chuck pinches were measured in 2637 healthy children and adolescents (1391 boys and 1246 girls) aged 7–18 years using standard adjustable Jamar hydraulic hand dynamometer and pinch gauge. A set of 17 hand-forearm anthropometric dimensions were also measured with an accurate digital caliper and tape measure. Results No significant differences were found between the hand strengths of boys and girls up to the age of 10 years. Gender related differences in handgrip and pinches were observed from the age of 11 years onwards, with boys always being stronger. The dominant hand was stronger than the non-dominant hand (8% for handgrip and by about 10% for all three types of pinches). The strongest correlations were found between the hand length and hand strengths (r > 0.83 for handgrip and three all pinches; p < 0.001, 2-tailed). Based on the partial least squares (PLS) analysis, 8 out of 17 anthropometric indices including hand length, hand circumference, thumb length, index finger length, middle finger length, and forearm length had considerable loadings in the PLS analysis, which together accounted for 46% of the total variance. Conclusions These results may be used by health professionals in clinical settings as well as by designers to create ergonomic hand tools.

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Hand Dimensions and Grip Strength: A Comparison of Manual and Non-manual Workers

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Get a Grip: Variation in Human Hand Grip Strength and Implications for Human Evolution

Get a Grip: Variation in Human Hand Grip Strength and Implications for Human Evolution

Normative data for handgrip strength in Iranian healthy children and adolescents aged 7–18 years: comparison with international norms

Analysis of hand-forearm anthropometric components in assessing handgrip and pinch strengths of school-aged children and adolescents: a partial least squares (PLS) approach

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