Hand carriage of aerobic Gram-negative rods by health care personnel

Adams, Brian G.; Marrie, Thomas J.

doi:10.1017/s0022172400070509

Cited by 47 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…was the predominant organism isolated [16]. In this study, Acinetobacter spp, Klebsiella spp., and diphtheroids were isolated from three different participants and similar scenario was also reported in other study [21]. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern showed almost all the S. aureus isolates were sensitive to gentamicin, netilmicin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, tetracycline, and cephalothin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Bacterial Contamination of Hands of Medical Interns and Undergraduate Students

Senthil

Hegde

Kulkarni

et al. 2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: Cross-transmission by the hands of health-care workers is considered the main route of spread of nosocomial infections. Awareness among medical students and interns about the importance of hand hygiene practices and facilities for its adherence can play a major role in reducing disease transmission. The objectives of the present study were: (1) To determine the level and type of microbial contamination present on the hands of medical students and interns from a teaching hospital of Mangalore, Karnataka, and (2) to evaluate the relationship between hand contamination and knowledge, attitude, and practices of hand hygiene.Methods: Swabs were obtained from the dominant hand and the skin surface beneath the rings of participants during their routine work hours. Laboratory analysis was carried out within one hour of collection of samples. The participants were asked to fill a questionnaire on hand hygiene. Descriptive statistics and analysis was done by Chi-square test.Results: Of the 70 study participants, 35 (50%) were medical undergraduate students and 35 (50%) were medical interns. The contamination rate was higher among the undergraduates (91.4% [32/35]) compared to interns (77.1% [27/35]). 38 (54%) participants hands were contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, of which 17 (44.7%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Although overall knowledge status about hand hygiene was good, concepts about certain key elements in hand hygiene were not clearly understood by the participants. Knowledge about alcohol-based hand rubs was not up to the mark. The level of knowledge was found to be similar between UGs and interns and between the genders. Wearing ring while handling patients had an influence on hand contamination. Conclusions:Although the overall knowledge about hand hygiene was good, very few participants knew that hand hygiene after exposure to immediate surroundings of patient can prevent cross-transmission. Health-care workers may unknowingly carry antibiotic-resistant bacteria on their hands. Being unaware of this fact may have serious repercussions as the students and interns may serve as a medium for the spread of nosocomial infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Bacterial Contamination of Hands of Medical Interns and Undergraduate Students

Senthil

Hegde

Kulkarni

et al. 2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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“…Crecen en casi todas las muestras de suelos y agua fresca 16 . En el medio hospitalario, estos microorganismos han sido aislados de humidificadores, equipos de ventilación, la piel del personal de salud, colchones, cojines y otros equipamientos 10,28,[30][31][32][33][34][35] . Se ha reportado sobrevida en superficies secas mayor a 7 días para A. lwoffi y mayor a 25 días para A. baumannii.…”

Section: Epidemiologíaunclassified

“…El 31% del personal de salud es portador de bacilos gramnegativos en sus manos. Los microorganismos más comúnmente aislados de este personal son Enterobacter sp (16,5%) y Acinetobacter sp (7,5%) 32 . Cuando se analiza la portación de especies de Acinetobacter comparando entre el personal sanitario que maneja directamente pacientes y los que no lo hacen, es más común esta portación entre estos últimos 32,33 .…”

Section: Epidemiologíaunclassified

“…Los microorganismos más comúnmente aislados de este personal son Enterobacter sp (16,5%) y Acinetobacter sp (7,5%) 32 . Cuando se analiza la portación de especies de Acinetobacter comparando entre el personal sanitario que maneja directamente pacientes y los que no lo hacen, es más común esta portación entre estos últimos 32,33 . En otro estudio, un tercio de los trabajadores sanitarios (enfermeras y kinesiólogos) presentaron colonización transitoria por A. calcoaceticus en sus manos.…”

Section: Epidemiologíaunclassified

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Infecciones por Acinetobacter baumannii pan-resistente: Consideraciones epidemiológicas y de manejo antimicrobiano actualizado

2005

Rev. chil. infectol.

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Acinetobacter baumannii pandrug-resistant. Update in epidemiological and antimicrobial managing issuesIn the last two decades Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a major relevant world nosocomial pathogen. A. baumannii can be a causal agent of diseases like pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis, soft tissue and urinary tract infections, associating to high mortality. Several national and foreign communications reveal the isolation of A. baumannii resistant to almost all commercially available antimicrobial agents, drastically limiting the therapeutic options.To optimize the therapy of these infections, the need of development of new antibacterial agents is raised as is the revival of certain forgotten compounds, as the polymyxins. In order to check and evaluate the information on the management of multi-resistant A. baumannii infections, we performed a systematical review of the medical scientific literature, that included Medline and LILACS, identifying and categorizing the clinical relevancy of the sources gathered to the date of this investigation. Clinically relevant epidemiological aspects, microbiological information and clinical studies in patients with pandrug (AB-PDR) or multidrug resistant (AB-MDR) A.baumannii infections were reviewed. The response adapted to the management of AB-PDR infection is complex, its eradication needs adherence to suitable practices of infection control and the prudent and effective use of antimicrobial therapy. Potential options of therapy could be colistin, betalactam associations with sulbactam and tetracyclines, but there are no random and controlled studies in the matter.

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“…There is also considerable evidence U1at spread of such resistant strains between hospitalized patients occurs on U1e hands of health care personnel. 30 to 40% of whom carry Gran1-negative organisms on their hands (some of them continuously) (16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Gastrointestinal acqu is ition and carriage of Gram-negatives appears to be an important intermediate step in certain situations (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Studies of Nosocomial Infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using a DNA Probe

Volpel

et al. 1991

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Pseudomonas a eruginosa using a DNA probe . Can J Infect Dis 1992;3(6) :299-306 . A DNA probe encod ing the Pseudomonas aerug inosa pili n gene has been developed in the a uth ors · la bora to ry a nd has been shown to be a usefu l epidemiological tool. In th e p resen t s tudy this tec hnology. toge ther wi Lh other typ ing met hods. has been used to cle nnc re la ted ness a n d po si blc tra ns m ission routes of P aerug inosa strains isolated in severa l hospita l wa rds. Clu s te rs o f P aerug inosa infec! ions . s u s pected to be the result of no. ocom ia l tra ns m ission . cl cvclopccl in a ge ne ra l inte ns ive ca re un it (I CU) a nd a neu rosu rgica l wa rci / ICU. as we ll as in a b urn uni t. were tu d iccl us ing a ntibiogra m s . li popolysacc ha ri cl c-s crotypin g. a nd ge ne p robe ana lysis. Res ults of these tucli cs d em onstra ted tha t eac h of the ge ne ra l a nd ne urosu rgical ICU isola tes were diffe rent. m a king nosocomi a l tra ns m ission ve ry un likely . Howeve r . wiU1in the burn uni t. pa ti ent isolates had iden tical p rofil es. s uggesting tha t spread be tween pati e n ts was occurring or tha t a com mon source of infection was p resent. Changes in infecti on cont ro l measures wi thin the un it were introd u ced and may have con tri b u ted to e ra dication of the ou tb reak DNA probe stu d ies we re \·a lu able in cla rifyi ng cpiclemiological related ness of isolates that was not evide nt wilh the other typ ing s tra tegies a nd idc nlined a po s iblc bum -associated stra in . Etudes epidemiologiques sur les infections nosocomiales a Pseudomonas aeruginosa a !'aide d'une sonde d 'ADN RESUME: Une sonde d"ADN po ur l' cncocl a(jc du ge ne de Pseudomonas aerug inosa a etc m ise a u point cl a ns cc Jaboraloire et s·csl revclee un ou ti l cpicl cm iologiq uc u ti le. Dans Ia prcsen tc e lude . cctle technologic. de memc que cl'autres methodes de lypage. ont etc uti lisces po u r clc nni r lcs inte rre la ti ons e t lcs voics de transm ission possibles de souc hes de P. aerug inosa isolees cla ns d iffc rcntes u n ites hospita lieres. Des infec ti ons a P. aerug inosa. presumem c n t a ttri b uables a u nc trans mission nosocomi a le, om de observees da ns unc u nite de soins intc ns ifs gene raux. clans u nc un ite de soins imcnsifs ne uroch irurgicaux et dans unc unite de brt:ll es. ou ell cs on t etc etuclices a !'a ide cl'a n libiogrammcs. de mCLhocles de typage serologiqu e pa r li popolysacc ha ri des ct cl'a na lyscs par sonde gc nc ti q u c. Lcs rcs ul tats d e ces e tudes on t dcm ontrc que chacu n des isolats p relevc d a ns les uni tes de soin s inle ns ifs ge nc ra u x ctncu ro-chirurgica u x Clail d iiTere n t. ce q ui a perm is d'cca rte r !' hypot hese de Ia tra ns miss ion nosocom ia lc. Ce pe nda nl. a u sein d e !' u nite des brt:ll es. les isolats etaient scmblab les cl'un pa ti ent a !'a u tre . cc qui do nne a pen se r qLd l y a cu conta m ina tion entre lcs pati en ts ou qu'i l y a c u u nc so urce commune a !'i nfecti o n . Des mod ifi cation s a u ...

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Hand carriage of aerobic Gram-negative rods by health care personnel

Cited by 47 publications

References 28 publications

Bacterial Contamination of Hands of Medical Interns and Undergraduate Students

Bacterial Contamination of Hands of Medical Interns and Undergraduate Students

Infecciones por Acinetobacter baumannii pan-resistente: Consideraciones epidemiológicas y de manejo antimicrobiano actualizado

Epidemiological Studies of Nosocomial Infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using a DNA Probe

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