Haloterrigena salina sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a salt lake

Gutiérrez, M. C.; Castillo, Ana; Kamekura, Masahiro; Ventosa, António

doi:10.1099/ijs.0.2008/001602-0

Cited by 65 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Haloplanus natans uses glucose, ribose, and acetate as carbon and energy sources (Bardavid et al ., ). And Haloterrigena salina uses various sugars and organic acids, notably acetate (Gutiérrez et al ., ). We were not able to directly identify these species given the low similarity percentages between the Halobacteriaceae sequences we obtained and those in the databases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of paleoclimate on the distribution of microbial communities in the subsurface sediment of the Dead Sea

2015

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A long sedimentary core has been recently retrieved from the Dead Sea Basin (DSB) within the framework of the ICDP-sponsored Dead Sea Deep Drilling Project. Contrasting climatic intervals were evident by distinctive lithological facies such as laminated aragonitic muds and evaporites. A geomicrobiological investigation was conducted in representative sediments of this core. To identify the microbial assemblages present in the sediments and their evolution with changing depositional environments through time, the diversity of the 16S rRNA gene was analyzed in gypsum, aragonitic laminae, and halite samples. The subsurface microbial community was largely dominated by the Euryarchaeota phylum (Archaea). Within the latter, Halobacteriaceae members were ubiquitous, probably favored by their 'high salt-in' osmotic adaptation which also makes them one of the rare inhabitants of the modern Dead Sea. Bacterial community members were scarce, emphasizing that the 'low salt-in' strategy is less suitable in this environment. Substantial differences in assemblages are observed between aragonitic sediments and gypsum-halite ones, independently of the depth and salinity. The aragonite sample, deposited during humid periods when the lake was stratified, consists mostly of the archaeal MSBL1 and bacterial KB1 Candidate Divisions. This consortium probably relies on compatible solutes supplied from the lake by halotolerant species present in these more favorable periods. In contrast, members of the Halobacteriaceae were the sole habitants of the gypsum-halite sediments which result from a holomictic lake. Although the biomass is low, these variations in the observed subsurface microbial populations appear to be controlled by biological conditions in the water column at the time of sedimentation, and subsequently by the presence or absence of stratification and dilution in the lake. As the latter are controlled by climatic changes, our data suggest a relationship between local lacustrine subsurface microbial assemblages and large-scale climatic variations over the Dead Sea Basin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of paleoclimate on the distribution of microbial communities in the subsurface sediment of the Dead Sea

2015

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“…A85, however, differs from Haloterrigena longa by its ability to produce acid from some sugars mentioned above, bacitracin sensitivity, the ability to hydrolyze Tween 80 ( Table 1) and lack of mannose 2,6 disulfate (1 2) glucose glycerol diether (S 2 DGD) (Fig. 2) which is the major polar lipid of most Haloterrigena species [31][32][33].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis and characterization of lipolytic activity of halophilic archaeal isolates

et al. 2012

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Five isolates designated as B45, D83A, A206A, A85 and E49 found to possess lipolytic activities were taxonomically classified on the basis of their phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic character istics. The isolates were determined to be gram negative, catalase and oxidase positive, hydrolyzing Tween 80 and 60 but not starch, need 3.5-4 M NaCl for optimal growth and lack of anaerobic growth with arginine or DMSO. All isolates had the highest lipolytic activity at pH 8.5. Lipase and esterase activities increased with salt concentration up to 3-4.5 M NaCl, and decreased at 5 M NaCl. Esterase and lipase showed their maxi mal activities at 50-55°C and 60-65°C, respectively. The phylogenetic tree constructed by the neighbor joining method indicated that the strain B45 and A85 were closely related to the members of genera Halovivax and Natrinema, respectively. The closest relative of the strain A206A and D83A were found to be Haloterri gena saccharevitans. The strain E49 displayed a more distant relationship to known strains.

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“…hispanica (isolated from a salt lake, Spain) [163], Htg. salina (isolated from a salt lake, China) [164], Htg. thermotolerans [165], Htg.…”

Section: Order Haloferacalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematics of haloarchaea and biotechnological potential of their hydrolytic enzymes

et al. 2017

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Halophilic archaea, also referred to as haloarchaea, dominate hypersaline environments. To survive under such extreme conditions, haloarchaea and their enzymes have evolved to function optimally in environments with high salt concentrations and, sometimes, with extreme pH and temperatures. These features make haloarchaea attractive sources of a wide variety of biotechnological products, such as hydrolytic enzymes, with numerous potential applications in biotechnology. The unique trait of haloarchaeal enzymes, haloenzymes, to sustain activity under hypersaline conditions has extended the range of already-available biocatalysts and industrial processes in which high salt concentrations inhibit the activity of regular enzymes. In addition to their halostable properties, haloenzymes can also withstand other conditions such as extreme pH and temperature. In spite of these benefits, the industrial potential of these natural catalysts remains largely unexplored, with only a few characterized extracellular hydrolases. Because of the applied impact of haloarchaea and their specific ability to live in the presence of high salt concentrations, studies on their systematics have intensified in recent years, identifying many new genera and species. This review summarizes the current status of the haloarchaeal genera and species, and discusses the properties of haloenzymes and their potential industrial applications. SYSTEMATICS OF HALOPHILIC ARCHAEAHalophilic micro-organisms are found in the three domains of life, and are extremophiles living in hypersaline environments in the presence of salt (generally NaCl) as a specific requisite for their growth [1]. Hypersaline environments contain higher salt concentrations than seawater (3.5 % total dissolved salts) [2]. According to the optimum NaCl concentration for growth, micro-organisms fall into one of the following categories: extreme halophiles with optimum growth at 15-30 % (2.5-5.2 M) NaCl; moderate halophiles with optimum growth at 3-15 % (0.5-2.5 M) NaCl; slight halophiles with optimum growth at 1-3 % (0.2-0.5 M) NaCl; non-halophiles with optimum growth at less than 1 % (0.2 M) NaCl; and halotolerant micro-organisms which are non-halophiles showing the ability to tolerate high NaCl concentrations [3]. Halophiles can live in hypersaline environments because they are able to sustain osmotic balance. They use two main strategies to withstand the adverse consequences of water loss when exposed to high salt concentrations. The first strategy used by extremely halophilic archaea (haloarchaea) and halophilic anaerobic bacteria such as members of Halanaerobiales is known as the 'salt-in-cytoplasm' strategy, during which salts such as NaCl or KCl accumulate in the cytoplasm at concentrations similar to the extracellular ones [4,5]. Another mechanism to cope with high salt concentrations is the accumulation of organic molecules such as amino acids, sugars and polyols, known as compatible solutes or osmolytes. Compatible solutes are small and highly soluble molecules that can...

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Haloterrigena salina sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a salt lake

Cited by 65 publications

References 39 publications

Impact of paleoclimate on the distribution of microbial communities in the subsurface sediment of the Dead Sea

Impact of paleoclimate on the distribution of microbial communities in the subsurface sediment of the Dead Sea

Phylogenetic analysis and characterization of lipolytic activity of halophilic archaeal isolates

Systematics of haloarchaea and biotechnological potential of their hydrolytic enzymes

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