Halomonas glaciei sp. nov. isolated from fast ice of Adelie Land, Antarctica

Abstract

Eleven psychrophilic bacteria were isolated from a solid layer of fast ice in the middle of Pointe-Geologie Archipelago, Adelie Land, Antarctica. The 11 isolates based on the phenotypic characteristics, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analysis have been identified as members of the genus Halomonas. All the isolates at the 16S rDNA sequence level were identical, possessed the 15 conserved nucleotides of the family Halomonadaceae and four nucleotides of the genus Halomonas. Therefore, the 16S rDNA sequence of DD 39 was used for calculating the evolutionary distances and for phylogenetic analysis. It was observed that DD 39 formed a robust cluster with H. variabilis, from which it differed by 0.7%. Further DNA-DNA hybridization studies indicated low DNA-DNA homology (15%) between H. variabilis and DD 39. Between the 11 Antarctic isolates the homology was >85%. In addition it was observed that DD 39 was different from H. variabilis in that it was psychrophilic, could tolerate only up to 15% sodium chloride, could not hydrolyse esculin, could not reduce nitrate, was urease negative, could not utilize glycerol as a carbon source, and was resistant to ampicillin and erythromycin and sensitive to nalidixic acid. In addition, it also exhibited distinct differences with respect to high content of C(16:1) and low levels of cyclo-C(17:0) and cyclo-C(19:0). DD 39 also differed from all the other reported species of Halomonas with respect to many phenotypic characteristics. It is proposed therefore that DD 39 should be placed in the genus Halomonas as a new species that is Halomonas glaciei. The type strain of H. glaciei is DD 39(T) (MTCC 4321; JCM 11692).

Spatial and seasonal heterogeneity of sea ice microbial communities in the first-year ice of Terre Adélie area (Antarctica)

“…Most bacteria isolated from sea ice have been found to be pigmented and highly coldadapted, with both free-living and epiphytic bacteria present (Grossi et al 1984). Most taxa isolated from sea ice belong to the γ-proteobacteria and the CytophagaFlavobacterium-Bacteroides division (Bowman et al 1997, Gozink et al 1998, Junge et al 1998, Nichols et al 1999, Reddy et al 2002. 16S rDNA clone library analysis corroborated these culture data (Brown & Bowman 2001).…”

Halomonas neptunia sp. nov., Halomonas sulfidaeris sp. nov., Halomonas axialensis sp. nov. and Halomonas hydrothermalis sp. nov.: halophilic bacteria isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal-vent environments

“…Twenty-four species of Halomonas have been described at the time of writing (Arahal et al, 2002a, b;Heyrman et al, 2002;Yoon et al, 2002;Romanenko et al, 2002;Reddy et al, 2003). The strains analysed here are the first to be characterized from the deep sea and from hydrothermalvent habitats.…”

“…Phenotypic tests revealed that the isolates were physiologically versatile and tended to have more traits in common with each other than with closely related Halomonas species, presumably a reflection of their common deep-sea, hydrothermal-vent habitat of origin. The G+C content of the DNA for all strains was 56?0-57?6 mol%, and DNA-DNA hybridization experiments revealed that four strains (Eplume1 Halophilic and halotolerant micro-organisms are typically isolated from hypersaline environments such as lagoons, saline and haloalkaline lakes (the Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake, thalassohaline Antarctic lakes, African rift soda lakes), artificial salterns, cured and salty foods, briny petroleum reservoirs, hypersaline desert soils and sea ice (Ventosa et al, 1982(Ventosa et al, , 1998Vreeland et al, 1980;Quesada et al, 1984;Franzmann et al, 1987a;James et al, 1990;Valderrama et al, 1991;Adkins et al, 1993;Duckworth et al, 1996 Duckworth et al, , 2000 Bowman et al, 1997;Satomi et al, 1997; Mormile et al, 1999;Bouchotroch et al, 2001;Yoon et al, 2002;Reddy et al, 2003). They have also recently been found in the very dry environment of the walls and murals of a Details of growth rates of the novel isolates under varying temperatures and salt concentrations, transmission electron micrographs of cells and a 16S rDNA-based maximum-likelihood tree including a wider range of reference species are available as supplementary material in IJSEM Online.…”

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of deep-sea bacteria isolated from intestinal contents of deep-sea fishes retrieved from the abyssal zone

“…Strain T5301 exhibited the highest levels of identity (96.3-99.6%) (Pearson and Lipman, 1988) to the 5 Halomonas species, which were isolated from antarctic fast and pack ice samples (Brinkmeyer et al, 2003;Reddy et al, 2003), marine water samples in Hawaii (Arahal et al, 2002), and hypersaline lakes in Antarctica (Arahal et al, 2002). Strain T5301 belonged to a branch of psychrophilic antarctic strains, H. variabilis strain ANT9112 and H. glaciei strain DD39 T (Fig.…”