Halomarina oriensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a seawater aquarium

Abstract

Halomarina oriensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a seawater aquarium A novel halophilic archaeon, strain KeC-11 T , was isolated from a seawater aquarium at the Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Japan. The strain was aerobic, Gram-negative and chemoorganotrophic, growing optimally at 37 6C, at pH 7.0-8.0 and in 2.7 M (16 %) NaCl. The strain required at least 10 mM magnesium ions for growth. Cells of strain KeC-11 T were non-motile and generally irregular coccoids or discoids. The DNA G+C content of the isolate was 67.7 mol%. Phylogenetic tree reconstructions indicated that it was distantly related to the other recognized members of the family Halobacteriaceae, with the closest relative being Natronomonas pharaonis Gabara T (91 % sequence similarity). The strain contained C 20 C 20 and C 20 C 25 diether derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, a glycolipid chromatographically identical to the glycosyl-mannosyl-glucosyl diether (TGD-2) and at least one unidentified glycolipid. Phenotypic characterization and phylogenetic data support the placement of isolate KeC-11 T in a novel species in a new genus within the family Halobacteriaceae, for which the name Halomarina oriensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is KeC-11 T (5JCM 16495 T 5KCTC 4074 T ).

Patterns and Determinants of Halophilic Archaea (Class Halobacteria) Diversity in Tunisian Endorheic Salt Lakes and Sebkhet Systems

“…The highest levels of diversity were observed in sediment and water samples of relatively lower salinity, providing additional evidence for the emerging view that habitats of lower and fluctuating salinity are reservoirs for novel Halobacteria diversity (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). The use of 16S rRNA gene primers targeting members of the Halobacteria class for diversity and quantification studies is crucial for the targeted exploration of Halobacteria diversity in such habitats, since the prevailing levels of salinity and putative frequent salinity fluctuation are conducive to the coexistence of additional halotolerant and nonhalophilic microorganisms.…”

“…However, in environments with relatively lower salinity and/or fluctuating salinities, e.g., saline soils (salt plains and alpine salt sediments, soils adjacent to salt-processing plants), traditional Asian salted and fermented seafood products (e.g., jeotgal), and marine sponges, they usually coexist as a smaller fraction of the more diverse prokaryotic community inhabiting these settings (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). These habitats with moderate or low salinity and/or fluctuating salinity have been the source of species of many recently described novel Halobacteria taxa (14)(15)(16)(17)(18) and are partially responsible for the rapid expansion of recognized Halobacteria spp. during the last decade (19,20).…”

A meta-analysis of the publicly available bacterial and archaeal sequence diversity in saline soils

“…These are the two most commonly encountered genera of Halobctera in the present study. The growth kinetics of Natronomonas has highly unusual temperature requirements for growth, suggesting that the physiology of Natronomonas is different with other halobacteria (Inoue et al 2011). The members of the genus Halomicrobium, i.e., Halomicrobium zhouii, H. katesii, and H. mukohataei, are also halophilic (Cui et al 2009).…”

Insights into the metabolism, lifestyle and putative evolutionary history of the novel archaeal phylum ‘Diapherotrites’

“…Historically, Archaea were regarded as a collection of extremophiles that could only thrive in extreme habitats, for example, high temperature (Huber et al, 1991;Jannasch et al, 1992;Antoine et al, 1995;Whitaker et al, 2003), high salinity (Oren et al, 1990;Cui et al, 2010;Goh et al, 2011;Inoue et al, 2011), low pH (Edwards et al, 2000;Dopson et al, 2004), strict anaerobic conditions (Mikucki et al, 2003;Sakai et al, 2007) or combinations thereof (Huber et al, 1989;Itoh et al, 1999;Minegishi et al, 2008Minegishi et al, , 2013.…”