Halogenated organic contaminants of concern in urban-influenced waters of Lake Ontario, Canada: Passive sampling with targeted and non-targeted screening

Zhang, Xianming; Robson, Matthew; Jobst, Karl J.; Pena-Abaurrea, Miren; Muscalu, Alina M.; Chaudhuri, Sri R.; Märvin, Chris H.; Brindle, Ian D.; Reiner, Eric J.; Helm, Paul A.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114733

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…2,4,6-tribromoanisole is a metabolite of tribromophenol and also a naturally produced compound. 47 1,2,4,5- Table 2. List of the NHOCs in Fish Extracts from the Great Lakes along with their Confidence Levels and Assigned Formulas tetrachloro-3,6-dimethoxybenzene is a known metabolite of several fungi.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, seven NHOCs were clustered together (cluster I) with X-0.70-341.788 and X-0.80-273.912 identified as 2,4,6-tribromoanisole (level 1) and 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3,6-dimethoxybenzene (level 2), respectively. 2,4,6-tribromoanisole is a metabolite of tribromophenol and also a naturally produced compound . 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3,6-dimethoxybenzene is a known metabolite of several fungi .…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nontargeted Screening of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Fish Fillet Tissues from the Great Lakes

Renaguli

Fernando

Hopke

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Fish have been used for decades as bioindicators for assessing toxic contaminants in the Great Lakes ecosystem. Routine environmental monitoring programs target predetermined compounds that do not reflect the complete exposure of chemicals to biota and do not provide the complete halogenated fingerprint of the biota. In the current work, a nontargeted screening method was developed using a two-dimensional gas chromatograph coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer and was applied to 149 edible fish fillets from different species in the Great Lakes to characterize a more robust set of halogenated organic compounds across species and among lakes. Lake Ontario had the largest number of novel halogenated organic compounds (NHOCs). Seven NHOCs were observed in species from all lakes, indicating that this regional signature was not species-dependent. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed identical NHOC profiles between bottom dwelling and pelagic species. The NHOCs were grouped into seven clusters with similar structures and potentially similar environmental behaviors. Seven of the 29 NHOCs likely containing methoxy or ethoxy groups on a benzene or benzene−methanol backbone were clustered into one group with similar retention times. Five NHOCs were clustered with legacy contaminants that likely have similar structures or are their degradation products.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontargeted Screening of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Fish Fillet Tissues from the Great Lakes

Renaguli

Fernando

Hopke

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Moreover, organic contaminants are present in the Great Lakes, sometimes at concentrations above thresholds for toxicity (ECCC & US‐EPA, 2017). Microplastics accumulate many chemical pollutants, including organics and metals (Rochman et al., 2013a; Munier & Bendell, 2018; Zhang et al., 2020). Greater endocrine disruption and liver toxicity occurs when fish are exposed to MPs that have accumulated environmental contaminants versus virgin MPs (Rochman et al., 2013b; Rochman et al., 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic contamination in Great Lakes fish

Munno

Helm

Rochman

et al. 2021

Conservation Biology

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Freshwater ecosystems, generally adjacent to human population and more contaminated relative to adjacent marine ecosystems, are vulnerable to microplastic contamination. We sampled 7 species of fish from Lake Ontario and Lake Superior and assessed their gastrointestinal (GI) tracts to quantify ingested microplastics and other anthropogenic particles. A subset of the microparticles were chemically analyzed to confirm polymer types and anthropogenic origins. We documented the highest concentration of microplastics and other anthropogenic microparticles ever reported in bony fish. We found 12,442 anthropogenic microparticles across 212 fish (8 species) from nearshore Lake Ontario, 943 across 50 fish (1 species) from Humber River, and 3094 across 119 fish (7 species) from Lake Superior. Fish from Lake Ontario had the greatest mean abundance of anthropogenic microparticles in their GI tracts (59 particles/fish [SD 104]), with up to 915 microparticles in a single fish. Fish from Lake Superior contained a mean [SD] of 26 [74] particles/fish, and fish from Humber River contained 19 [14] particles/fish. Most particles were microfibers. Overall, ≥90% of particles were anthropogenic, of which 35-59% were microplastics. Polyethylene (24%), polyethylene terephthalate (20%), and polypropylene (18%) were the most common microplastics. Ingestion of anthropogenic particles was significantly different among species within Lake Ontario (p < 0.05), and the abundance of anthropogenic particles increased as fish length increased in Lake Ontario (ρ = 0.62). Although we cannot extrapolate the concentration of microplastics in the water and sediments of these fish, the relatively high abundance of microplastics in the GI tracts of fish suggests environmental exposure may be above threshold concentrations for risk.

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“…Halogenated compounds in the indoor environment are of particular concern due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. ,− While significant progress has been made on PFAS and brominated compounds by taking advantage of their diagnostic fragments, − nontarget screening of chlorinated compounds has posed a challenge due to their structural diversity and varied fragmentation patterns. Mass defects and isotopic peak distributions have been applied to filter out chlorinated compounds from complex mass spectra, − but unambiguous assignment of their chemical structures is challenging. As a result of these difficulties, to the best of our knowledge, a systematic screening of chlorinated compounds in the indoor environment has not yet been conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Nontarget Screening Algorithm Reveals Highly Abundant Chlorinated Azo Dye Compounds in House Dust

Kutarna

Tang

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Humans spend 90% of their time indoors, but the majority of indoor pollutants remain unknown. In this study, a nontarget screening algorithm with reduced false discovery rates was developed to screen indoor pollutants using the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) database. First, a putative lock mass algorithm was developed for post-acquisition calibration of Orbitrap mass spectra to sub-ppm mass accuracy. Then, a one-stop screening algorithm was developed by combining MS 1 spectra, isotopic peaks, retention time prediction, and in silico MS 2 spectra. A sufficient true positive rate (73%) and false discovery rate (5%) were achieved for the screening of halogenated compounds at a score cutoff of 0.28. Above this cutoff, 427 chemicals were detected from 24 house dust samples, including 39 chlorinated compounds. While some identified halogenated compounds (e.g., triclosan) are well known, 18 previously unrecognized chlorinated azo dyes were detected with high abundance as the largest class of chlorinated compounds. Two chlorinated azo dyes were confirmed with authentic standards, but the two most abundant chlorinated azo dyes were missed by the algorithm due to the limited breadth of the TSCA database. These compounds were annotated as chlorinated analogues of Disperse Blue 373 and Disperse Violet 93 using the DIPIC-Frag method. This study revealed the presence of highly abundant chlorinated azo dyes in house dusts, highlighting their potential health risks in the indoor environment.

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Halogenated organic contaminants of concern in urban-influenced waters of Lake Ontario, Canada: Passive sampling with targeted and non-targeted screening

Cited by 24 publications

References 71 publications

Nontargeted Screening of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Fish Fillet Tissues from the Great Lakes

Nontargeted Screening of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Fish Fillet Tissues from the Great Lakes

Microplastic contamination in Great Lakes fish

Enhanced Nontarget Screening Algorithm Reveals Highly Abundant Chlorinated Azo Dye Compounds in House Dust

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