Halogen-free and phosphorus-free flame-retarded polycarbonate using cyclic polyphenylsilsesquioxanes

Wu, Xiaolu; Qin, Zhaolu; Zhang, Zhida; Guo, Xiaoyan; Pan, Ye‐Tang; Yang, Rongjie

doi:10.1007/s10853-020-04763-8

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…With the incorporation of DPA and Ce(DPA) 3 into the PC matrix, the resultant composites exhibit different changes in the thermal stability, as shown in Figure c,d and Table S1. Similar to most organic phosphorus- and nitrogen-based flame retardants, , introducing DPA results in the decreased degradation temperatures of PC/DPA composites. However, the T max1 values of PC/DPA composites are slightly increased compared with those of pristine PC.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Fabrication and Mechanism Study of Cerium-Based P, N-Containing Complexes for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate with Superior Thermostability and Toughness

Sai

Shen

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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A superior comprehensive performance is essential for the extensive utilization of polymers. Current flame-retardant strategies for polycarbonates (PCs) usually realize satisfied fire resistance at the cost of thermostability, toughness, and/or mechanical robustness. Thus, we report a rare-earth-based P, Ncontaining complex with a lamellar aggregated structure [Ce-(DPA) 3 ] by a coordination reaction between a tailored ligand and cerium(III) nitrate. The results indicate that incorporating 3 wt % Ce(DPA) 3 enables the resultant PC composite to achieve UL-94 V-0 rating, with a 55% reduction in the peak heat release rate. Besides, the initial (T 5 ) and maximum (T max1 and T max2 ) decomposition temperatures are significantly increased by 21, 19, and 27 °C, respectively, in an air atmosphere. Moreover, the impact strength and elongation at break of the PC composite containing 3 wt % Ce(DPA) 3 are greatly increased by 20 and 59%, respectively, relative to pristine PC, while its tensile strength (57 MPa) is still close to that of bulk PC (60 MPa). Notably, this work provides a novel methodology for revealing the evolution mechanisms of chemical structures of vapor and residual products during thermal decomposition, which is conducive to guiding fire and heat resistance modification of PC in the future.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Fabrication and Mechanism Study of Cerium-Based P, N-Containing Complexes for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate with Superior Thermostability and Toughness

Sai

Shen

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…[5][6][7] Recently, halogen-free flame retardants have been developed and applied in flame-retardant PC materials, including silicon-containing, [8][9][10][11] phosphoruscontaining, [12][13][14][15][16][17] and sulphonate-containing [18][19][20][21] flame retardants. For instance, Wu 22 synthesized organic-inorganic hybrid macrocyclic compounds, polyphenylsilsesquioxanes (cyc-PPSQ). A twin-screw extruder obtained PC/cyc-PPSQ flame retardant materials by melt blending cyc-PPSQ and PC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of phosphazene‐triazine bi‐base sulfonate and its applications in flame‐retardant modified polycarbonate

Sun

Zhang²,

Cui

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A phosphazene‐triazine bi‐base sulfonate compound (CPNS) was synthesized using hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene, cyanuric chloride, and sodium p‐hydroxybenzene sulfonate as raw materials. The chemical structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR 31P NMR (NMR stands for nuclear magnetic resonance), and elemental analysis of P, Na. To study the flame retardant properties of CPNS, a series of modified polycarbonate (MPC) with different ratios of CPNS were prepared. The flame retardant performance and thermal stability of CPNS/MPC were characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 vertical burning test, cone calorimetry test, and TG. Results show that when CPNS is added to 0.3%, the CPNS/MPC can pass the UL94 V‐0 level with an LOI value of 35.3% and reduce the peak heat release rate by 16.89% during the combustion. TG results show that adding 0.1% CPNS can decrease the initial decomposition temperature of the MPC by 68°C in nitrogen and 27°C in air. The reduction of the initial decomposition temperature means that the flame retardant promotes the isomerization reaction of polycarbonate accelerates the formation of an intermediate char on the surface. Investigation of intermediate char residue's morphology and chemical structure demonstrates that CPNS promotes the formation of more complete and compact char residue, which acts not only there is increased opportunity for radical recombination reactions in the condensed phase but also as physical barriers to inhibit the transfer of heat and oxygen, resulting in good flame retardant properties.

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“…By contrast with hydrocarbon polymers 3,4 and thermoplastic elastomers, 5,6 PC shows the capability of self‐carbonation due to its aromatic rigid main chain backbone, which improves the flame retardancy of PC to a limited extent 7 . Generally, PC passes the V‐2 rating of the UL94 flame rating vertical burning test, while the limit oxygen index (LOI) reaches 22–25% 8 . However, the higher flame‐retardant (FR) rating (V‐0 rating) for satisfying the requirements of electronic applications depends on the loading of additional FRs 9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of polyimide charring agent and hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene on improving fire safety of polycarbonate: High graphitization to strengthen the char layer

Feng

Qian

Lu³

2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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To meet the increasingly stringent requirements for the excellent fire safety, low addition, low cost, and good mechanical properties for polycarbonate (PC), a novel aromatic polyimide (API) charring agent was synthesized and used synergistically with hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene (HPCTP) to flame‐retardant (FR) PC. The incorporated API and HPCTP improved FR performance and the fracture toughness of the PC, simultaneously. The 4H‐2A passed the UL94 V‐0 rating with a limited oxygen index of 32.5%. Moreover, the heat release rate of the PC was also suppressed significantly by the dense and strengthening carbon layer. The mechanism of synergistic charring effect of API and HPCTP were analyzed: In the initial and developing stages of combustion (below 450°C), the quenching effect and dilution effect of HPCTP played a major role in flame retardancy; and due to the barrier function of the highly graphitized char layer, the combustion process rapidly enters weakening stages (above 450°C) and finally extinguishes. Moreover, it was founded that API improved the antiimpact performance of PC matrix, which offsets the negative effect of HPCTP on the impact performance of PC matrix.

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Halogen-free and phosphorus-free flame-retarded polycarbonate using cyclic polyphenylsilsesquioxanes

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Fabrication and Mechanism Study of Cerium-Based P, N-Containing Complexes for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate with Superior Thermostability and Toughness

Fabrication and Mechanism Study of Cerium-Based P, N-Containing Complexes for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate with Superior Thermostability and Toughness

Synthesis of phosphazene‐triazine bi‐base sulfonate and its applications in flame‐retardant modified polycarbonate

Synergistic effect of polyimide charring agent and hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene on improving fire safety of polycarbonate: High graphitization to strengthen the char layer

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