Halogen compounds

Kirk, P.W.W.; Lester, J.N.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-4083-3_9

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 100 publications

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“…This reacts with many materials (in both vapor phase and in aerosols), forming typically nonvolatile, stable fluorides (ATSDR 2003). Alternatively, anthropogenic fluoride emissions include hydrogen fluoride and particulate fluorides (Kirk and Lester 1986). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride pollution of atmospheric precipitation and its relationship with air circulation and weather patterns (Wielkopolski National Park, Poland)

Walna

Kurzyca

Bednorz

et al. 2012

Environ Monit Assess

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A 2-year study (2010–2011) of fluorides in atmospheric precipitation in the open area and in throughfall in Wielkopolski National Park (west-central Poland) showed their high concentrations, reaching a maximum value of 2 mg/l under the tree crowns. These high values indicate substantial deposition of up to 52 mg/m2/year. In 2011, over 51 % of open area precipitation was characterized by fluoride concentration higher than 0.10 mg/l, and in throughfall such concentrations were found in more than 86 % of events. In 2010, a strong connection was evident between fluoride and acid-forming ions, and in 2011, a correlation between phosphate and nitrite ions was seen. Analysis of available data on F− concentrations in the air did not show an unequivocal effect on F− concentrations in precipitation. To find reasons for and source areas of high fluoride pollution, the cases of extreme fluoride concentration in rainwater were related to atmospheric circulation and weather patterns. Weather conditions on days of extreme pollution were determined by movement of weather fronts over western Poland, or by small cyclonic centers with meteorological fronts. Macroscale air advection over the sampling site originated in the western quadrant (NW, W, and SW), particularly in the middle layers of the troposphere (2,500–5,000 m a.s.l.). Such directions indicate western Poland and Germany as possible sources of the pollution. At the same time in the lower troposphere, air inflow was frequently from the north, showing short distance transport from local emitters, and from the agglomeration of Poznań.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride pollution of atmospheric precipitation and its relationship with air circulation and weather patterns (Wielkopolski National Park, Poland)

Walna

Kurzyca

Bednorz

et al. 2012

Environ Monit Assess

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Air Pollution and Its Associated Impacts on Atmosphere and Biota Health

Singh¹,

Kumar²

2022

Extremes in Atmospheric Processes and Phenomenon: Assessment, Impacts and Mitigation

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Groundwater fluoride contamination, probable release, and containment mechanisms: a review on Indian context

Mukherjee

Singh

2018

Environ Geochem Health

219

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Fluoride contamination in the groundwater has got great attention in last few decades due to their toxicity, persistent capacity and accumulation in human bodies. There are several sources of fluoride in the environment and different pathways to enter in the drinking water resources, which is responsible for potential effect on human health. Presence of high concentration of fluoride ion in groundwater is a major issue and it makes the water unsuitable for drinking purpose. Availability of fluoride in groundwater indicates various geochemical processes and subsurface contamination of a particular area. Fluoride-bearing aquifers, geological factors, rate of weathering, ion-exchange reaction, residence time and leaching of subsurface contaminants are major responsible factors for availability of fluoride in groundwater. In India, several studies have reported that the groundwater of several states are contaminated with high fluoride. The undesirable level of fluoride in groundwater is one of the most natural groundwater quality problem, which affects large portion of arid and semiarid regions of India. Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and West Bengal are the relatively high-fluoride-contaminated states in India. Chronic ingestion of high doses of fluoride-rich water leads to fluorosis on human and animal. Over 66 million Indian populations are at risk due to excess fluoride-contaminated water. Therefore, groundwater contamination subject to undesirable level of fluoride needs urgent attention to understand the role of geochemistry, hydrogeology and climatic factors along with anthropogenic inputs in fluoride pollution.

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Halogen compounds

Cited by 4 publications

References 100 publications

Fluoride pollution of atmospheric precipitation and its relationship with air circulation and weather patterns (Wielkopolski National Park, Poland)

Fluoride pollution of atmospheric precipitation and its relationship with air circulation and weather patterns (Wielkopolski National Park, Poland)

Air Pollution and Its Associated Impacts on Atmosphere and Biota Health

Groundwater fluoride contamination, probable release, and containment mechanisms: a review on Indian context

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