Halogen Bonding:  A New Interaction for Liquid Crystal Formation

Nguyen, Hai Duc; Horton, Peter N.; Hursthouse, Michael B.; Legon, and Anthony C.; Bruce, Duncan W.

doi:10.1021/ja036994l

Cited by 503 publications

(330 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Thus, it is not only strong enough to bind molecules into larger complexes of stable structure but it also weak enough to be easily broken in experimental conditions or due to the processes occurring in living organisms. For this reason, X-bond is considered as an interaction which can play an important role in crystal engineering [18], drug design [16,19], and new material engineering [20]. The mechanism of formation of X-bond seems to be well known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The shape of the halogen atom—anisotropy of electron distribution and its dependence on basis set and method used

Bankiewicz

Palusiak

2012

Struct Chem

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A search through Crystal Structure Database was performed and the distances in contacts of XÁÁÁN,O, XÁÁÁH(N,O), and XÁÁÁC type were collected together with the information on spatial arrangement of the interacting fragments. A detailed statistical analysis showed that the shape of the halogen atom cannot be simply concluded on the basis of interatomic distances in crystal state although originally the concept of anisotropic charge distribution around halogen nuclei was postulated on the basis of such an analysis. It was proven that the conclusions in that case strongly depend on the type of center interacting with the halogen atom. Therefore, it was postulated that the shape of the halogen atom can be estimated for the unperturbed (due to intermolecular interactions) halogen atom. For this purpose, a method was provided to make possible a numerical quantification of the anisotropy of the halogen atom on the basis of electron density measurements performed within the framework of Atoms in Molecules Quantum Theory. The anisotropy of Cl and Br atoms in H 3 C-X and F 3 C-X (X=Cl, Br) was estimated for MP2 and DFT-B3LYP methods and several different basis sets. The influence of the method and the basis set on the degree of anisotropic distribution of electron density around halogen nuclei was discussed.Keywords Halogen bond Á The shape of the atom Á QTAIM Á DFT Á MP2 Á Basis set

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The shape of the halogen atom—anisotropy of electron distribution and its dependence on basis set and method used

Bankiewicz

Palusiak

2012

Struct Chem

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“…The concept of hydrogen-bonded liquid crystals [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] has been extended to halogen-bonded LC complexes [73][74][75] because of the similarities of these non-covalent interactions. Halogen-bonded main-chain LC polymers were obtained by self-assembly of bifunctional halogen-bonding molecules.…”

Section: Supramolecular Design Of Lc Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to hydrogen bonds, [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] halogen bonds, 74,75 and ionic interactions, 15,[86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94] charge-transfer interactions were applied for the preparation of supramolecular LC polymers. 95,96 Ringsdorf et al 95 used charge-transfer interactions between electron-rich triphenylene and 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone units to produce LC discotic polymers.…”

Section: Supramolecular Design Of Lc Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional liquid-crystalline polymers and supramolecular liquid crystals

Kato

Uchida

Ichikawa

et al. 2017

Polym J

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The design and functions of liquid-crystalline (LC) polymers with classifying them into conventional-, supramolecular-, dendriticand network-type LC polymers are described. LC polymers show new functions as new devices in the field of energy and environment by incorporating mesogenic moieties exhibiting photonic, electronic and ionic functions. Supramolecular LC polymers show dynamic and unique properties because the mesogenic moieties are built with non-covalent interactions. Dendritic-type LC polymers exhibit liquid crystallinity by nanosegregation of aromatic and aliphatic moieties. Dendritic fork-like mesogens have also been prepared. A variety of nonmesogeic functional building blocks including fullerene, π-conjugated moieties, catenane, rotaxane and others can be incorporated into LC phases by attaching these dendritic moieties. LC networks are constructed in situ polymerization of polymerizable nematic or nanostructured liquid crystals. The specific characteristics of the LC networks have generated new research trends to develop well-defined polymers that exhibit optical, transport and separation properties. In these materials, through suitable design of LC monomers, the preservation of smectic, columnar and bicontinuous cubic phases has been successfully used for the development of membranes with one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional nanostructures.

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“…These bonds have been featured in an increasing numbers of areas. Their importance in the field of molecular recognition [3,4] and crystal engineering [5] as well as in biological systems [6] also has been recognized. This wide range of applications has placed the halogen bonded interactions in a center of great attention, and many theoretical works have been focused on them [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%