Haloflavibacter putidus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from coastal seawater

Abstract

<jats:p>A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, gliding, rod-shaped (0.2–0.5×1.0-13.0 µm) and yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated PLHSN227<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>, was isolated from seawater collected near the coast of Yantai, PR China. PLHSN227<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> was found to grow at 15–37 °C (optimum, 28–30 °C) and pH 6.0–8.5 (optimum, 6.5–7.5) in the presence of 2–14 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 5.0 %). Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that PLHSN227<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> represented a member of the family <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="family"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.8070" xlink:type="simple">Flavobacteriaceae</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> and exhibited the highest sequence similarity (94.6 %) to the type strain <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="species"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.8828" xlink:type="simple">Salegentibacter holothuriorum</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> NBRC 100249<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>. The chemotaxonomic analysis revealed that the sole respiratory quinone was menaquinone 6 (MK-6) and the major fatty acids included C<jats:sub>19 : 0</jats:sub>ω8<jats:italic>c cyclo</jats:italic>, iso-C<jats:sub>15 : 0</jats:sub>, anteiso-C<jats:sub>15 : 0</jats:sub>, C<jats:sub>18 : 0</jats:sub> and summed feature 8 (C<jats:sub>18 : 1</jats:sub>ω7<jats:italic>c</jats:italic> and/or C<jats:sub>18 : 1</jats:sub>ω6<jats:italic>c</jats:italic>). The major polar lipids included phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid and two unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of PLHSN227<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> was 35.6 mol%. PLHSN227<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> showed the highest average amino acid identity value of 67.2 %, the average nucleotide identity value of 75.6 and 14.5 % digital DNA–DNA hybridization identity with <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="species"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.8169" xlink:type="simple">Mesonia algae</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> DSM 15361<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>. According to the phylogenetic data, PLHSN227<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> formed a distinct clade in the phylogenetic tree. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, it is considered that PLHSN227<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> represents a novel genus within the family <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="family"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.8070" xlink:type="simple">Flavobacteriaceae</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic>, for which the name <jats:italic>Haloflavibacter putidus</jats:italic> gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PLHSN227<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (=KCTC 72159<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>=MCCC 1H00371<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>).</jats:p>