Halo definition of homogeneous beams through energy distributions

Abstract

This work presents an energy criterion to define the halo of homogeneous and mismatched charged particle beams. In the simulations used in this work, the beam is considered to be azimuthally symmetric, initially cold and is confined by an external constant magnetic field inside a cylindrical conducting pipe. The energy criterion is established through the analysis of the beam energy distributions with time. The obtained results are in reasonable agreement with the past results that considered the beam phase-space topology, for many values of the beam initial envelope mismatch.

Core-halo boundary in a sheet beam model

“…14,15 Different methods have been proposed to define the halo. [16][17][18][19] Here, we will give special attention to that described in Ref. 18 because it can be readily calculated from the beam distribution and it provides a clear definition of the boundary between the core and halo.…”