Hallucinogens

Abstract

OverviewThere are many different types of hallucinogens, and the most popular are methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and ketamine, which are also classified as club drugs. These are used primarily by adolescents and young adults, and the prevalence of use is increasing. They produce perceptual distortions instead of true hallucinations, and they can also produce extreme anxiety, psychotic reactions, and hallucinogen persisting perception disorder. Hallucinogens are used by a variety of routes of administration and are usually not the only drugs abused by an adolescent. Serious adverse physiological effects are rare, but may include hypertension and hyperthermia. Hallucinogens can have a profound effect on adolescent development, including long-term psychiatric consequences. Screening for hallucinogen use by asking about drug use can be done in many settings. Long-term hallucinogen addiction treatment consists of behavioral components.