Hallucinogenic Species in Amanita Muscaria. Determination of Muscimol and Ibotenic Acid by Ion-Interaction HPLC

Abstract

Ibotenic acid and muscimol are considered the principal components responsible of the hallucinogenic properties of Anianita muscaria. In this paper a sensitive ion-interaction HPLC method is presented which permits the simultaneous determination of ibotenic acid and muscimol. A CIS reverse phase is the stationary phase and the mobile phase is an aqueous solution of 5.0 m M octylammonium o-phosphate.A spectrophotometric comparative detection performed at 230 and 254 nm is employed. Detection limits are of 18 pg/L for ibotenic acid and of 30 pg/L for muscimol. Different sample pretreatment processes were compared. The highest recovery yields together with the mininiiim matrix effect were obtained by a procedure which only consists in the sonication of the fresh sample and its squeezing. The extract obtained is then diluted as required and filtered (0.2 pm) before injection. This preparation offers the further advantage to maximally preservc the native composition. 413 Copyright 0 1997 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. Downloaded by [Umeå University Library] at 07:57 17 November 2014 411 GENNARO ET AL.The method was applied in the analysis of llnianrta mtiscaria and permitted to evaluate the content of muscimol and ibotenic acid in heads and stems of the mushrooms. The same analysis performed for samples of -4manita cirrrna confirmed the absence in this species of both ibotenic acid and muscimol.

Fungal Hallucinogens Psilocin, Ibotenic Acid, and Muscimol

“…185,186,203 Reversed-phase HPLC may be combined with ion-pair chromatography. 186 Dansylated analytes were also separated using HPLC method on octadecyl column.…”

Rapid determination of ibotenic acid and muscimol in human urine

“…This issue is especially important because of the increased popularity of the fungi and easy access to the natural not prohibited stimulants. The primary detection method is mass spectrometry, but special sample preparation procedures are needed, as well as the use of either GC or HPLC‐MS tandem methods . Because of the increasing number of available NMR spectrometers and their commercial use and hence of cost reducing of measurements, we have demonstrated the usefulness of an NMR method in the field.…”

“…The detection range was sufficient to cover the IBO range (32–55 µg/ml) in urine after fungi consumption . However, the MUS level in human urine after fungi ingestion is much lower (10–7 µg/ml), and this method provided accuracy at 7 µg/ml with a 27% deviation, although this strongly depends on sample acquisition time, where the signal‐to‐noise ratio may be strongly improved.…”

Isoxazole‐Containing Mushrooms and Pantherina Syndrome (Amanita muscaria, Amanita pantherina)

“…13 Table 41.1 lists the content of ibotenic acid and muscimol in samples of mushrooms purchased at Japanese smoke shops through the Internet. 13 Table 41.1 lists the content of ibotenic acid and muscimol in samples of mushrooms purchased at Japanese smoke shops through the Internet.…”