Halide perovskite photocatalysis: progress and perspectives

Abstract

Organic–inorganic metal halide perovskites (HPs) have emerged as new frontier materials for optoelectronic and energy applications. In addition to various well‐known applications, such as solar cells, light‐emitting diodes, photodetectors, and resistive switching memories, HPs can be utilized as efficient photocatalysts for numerous electrochemical reactions, including carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction, photosynthesis, and wastewater treatment. However, the use of HPs toward photo‐driven catalysis remains a tremendous challenge owing to their poor stability in polar solvents. Nevertheless, huge progress has been made to counter this critical issue for improving the performance of HPs as efficient photocatalysts in a wide range of applications. In this review, we first introduce the structures and properties of HPs. Next, we highlight the recent approaches on the fabrication of HPs, including thin films and nanostructures. Strategies for implementing HPs in catalysis systems and their working mechanisms are thoroughly summarized and discussed. Lastly, the current challenges and prospects of the application of HPs toward photocatalytic reactions are fully addressed. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

Lead-Free Metal Halide Perovskites for Hydrogen Evolution from Aqueous Solutions

“…where r A , r B and r X are the radii of A, B and X ions, respectively [49,50]. Particularly, it was demonstrated that the t factor should be in the range 0.8-1.0 for 3D cubic frameworks, with a t value of 1.0 indicating an ideal one [12,13,44,45,47,49]. In addition, the semiempirical geometric parameter reported in Equation (10) can be utilized to predict the stability of the octahedral structure.…”

“…However, its size can cause the tilting of [BX 6 ] 4− octahedra as well as the strain of the B-X bonds which control the above cited properties [ 13 , 46 , 47 ]. Indeed, both the B- and X-site play a relevant role in constructing the MHP band structure, fundamental for the electronic and optical properties of this material [ 13 , 46 , 48 ]. The B-site is typically occupied by metals that belong to the IVA group of the periodic table of elements, in a divalent oxidation state.…”

“…The second strategy, used for the first time in 2016, foresees the exploitation of complex dynamic equilibria between perovskite precursors and perovskite powders dispersed in solution ( Figure 1 b) [ 11 ]. In order to sustain the continuous formation of suitable perovskite crystalline phases, a high concentration of hydrohalic acids (e.g., HI or HBr) has to be present in solution [ 9 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Indeed, their dissociation, leading to high halogen concentration, shifts the solubilization equilibrium towards the formation of MHPs.…”

Recent Progress in Designing Halide-Perovskite-Based System for the Photocatalytic Applications

“…(Spasiano et al, 2015 ). More recently, numerous works using halide perovskite for photocatalysis have been reported (Chen et al, 2019 ; Liang et al, 2019 ; Huynh et al, 2020 ; Kim et al, 2020 ; Wang H. et al, 2020 ). Despite the excellent optoelectronic properties, the halide perovskite suffers some disadvantages such as the crystal structure instability (Chen et al, 2018 ), poor moisture tolerance (Smith et al, 2014 ), lack of catalytic active sites (Tang et al, 2019 ), and inefficient carrier separation for nanoscale unit (Jiang et al, 2015 ).…”

Innovative TiO2‐based photocatalysis: recent advances and emerging applications

“…Recently, other types of candidate photocatalytic materials, such as organic–inorganic metal halide perovskites (HPs), 18 and 2D materials like transition metal dichalcogenides (2D‐TMDs), 19 have been emerged as new frontier materials for numerous electrochemical reactions, including CO 2 reduction reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction, photosynthesis, and wastewater treatments. Strategies for the potential of implementing HPs and 2D‐TMDs in TiO 2 systems toward photocatalytic reactions have been considered and are expected to lead to their improved photocatalytic performance.…”