Half‐sib family selection for forage yield in orchardgrass

Casler, Michael D.; Fales, S. L.; McElroy, A. R.; Hall, M. H.; Hoffman, L. D.; Undersander, D. J.; Leath, K. T.

doi:10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00665.x

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…(1979) suggested that it may be difficult to either increase IVDMD or lower fibre concentration without a corresponding decrease in dry matter yield in cocksfoot. However, Casler et al . (2002) reported that the selection for high forage yield in cocksfoot did not decrease forage quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of the concentration of water‐soluble carbohydrates and its relationship with the concentrations of fibre and crude protein in herbage of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.)

Yukitoshi

Takai

Yamada

2007

Grass and Forage Science

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The concentration of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) of cocksfoot is lower than that of other temperate grasses. Increasing in the WSC concentration in cocksfoot is important in increasing its digestibility and preference by ruminants. The genetic variation in mono-and disaccharides, fructans and total WSC concentrations and their interrelationships with crude protein (CP) and fibre concentrations of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) at the vegetative growth stage in half-sib cross populations were assessed in two experiments conducted under spaced-planting and sward conditions.There was a wide range in the means for concentrations of fructan, WSC and neutral-detergent fibre (NDF) in parents and progeny whereas there was a narrow range of the means for concentrations of mono-and disaccharides, CP and acid-detergent fibre (ADF). Mean concentrations of mono-and disaccharides showed the smallest range.Mean squares of entries in parents and progenies were significant for mono-and disaccharides, fructan and total WSC concentrations in all populations. The entry × year interactions for fructan and total WSC concentrations were significant in parents and half-sib progeny. However, the entry × year interactions for mono-and disaccharide concentrations in progeny were not significant. Concentration of WSC was under genetic control since mean squares of the concentration values were significant and variance components for all traits were significantly larger than zero. There were negative genetic correlations between WSC and ADF and NDF concentrations. Narrow sense heritabilities (h n ) estimated from variance components of progeny for total WSC concentrations were 0.59 and 0.53 in sward and space-planting conditions, respectively.The h n of fructan and WSC concentrations were similar in both sward and spaced-planting conditions, whereas that of mono-and disaccharide concentrations varied from 0.20 to 0.69. It was found that the genetic variation of total WSC concentration in cocksfoot depended mainly on genetic variation in fructan concentration. These results suggested that the forage quality of cocksfoot at the vegetative growth stage was influenced by an additive gene effect and could be improved genetically by recurrent selection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of the concentration of water‐soluble carbohydrates and its relationship with the concentrations of fibre and crude protein in herbage of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.)

Yukitoshi

Takai

Yamada

2007

Grass and Forage Science

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“…Low correlations between spaced-plant and sword-plot forage yields have been previously reported (Carpenter and Casler 1990). Casler et al (2002) reported that seeding rates typical of most agricultural practices often result in intense interplant competition, which can result in up to 90% seedling mortality during establishment, thus causing a possible genetic shift in the population. The differences observed in h 2 estimates suggest the need to further explore the interaction of plant competition and total DMY and CP.…”

Section: Intercharacter Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Breeding meadow bromegrass for forage characteristics under a line-source irrigation design

Jensen¹,

Waldron²,

Robins³

et al. 2008

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2008. Breeding meadow bromegrass for forage characteristics under a line-source irrigation design. Can. J. Plant Sci. 88: 695Á703. Production from less productive lands limited by irrigation can be increased if genetically improved pasture grasses are developed with increased dry matter production (DMY) and nutritional quality. In 2000, 18 half-sib families of meadow bromegrass were seeded in a modified strip-plot design with four replications and water levels (WL) applied as nonrandom strips ranging from 10.1 mm wk(1 at WL-5 to 36.8 mm wk(1 at WL-1. The objective was to estimate genetic variability and parameters as affected by irrigation level and harvest date for DMY, crude protein (CP), in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and digestible neutral detergent fiber (dNDF). Low h 2 estimates for DMY suggest that gains in total DMY from selection within these half-sib families (HSF) are not likely. Crude protein concentrations were more influenced by harvest date than WL. Heritability estimates were relatively high regardless of WL or harvest date for IVTD. The effect of WL on h 2 estimates for NDF were less defined, suggesting that gains might be achieved faster if selection was done on forage harvested later in the growing season at less than optimum irrigation. Heritability estimates for dNDF were either small or associated with large standard errors. Les parame`tres examine´s comprenaient la quantite´de matie`re se`che, les prote´ines brutes, la vraie digestibilite´in vitro, les fibres au de´tergent neutre et les fibres au de´tergent neutre digestibles. La faible valeur de h 2 estime´e pour la matie`re se`che laisse croire qu'on ne pourrait pas vraiment ame´liorer la quantite´totale de matie`re se`che a`partir de ces familles a`demiapparente´es. La concentration de prote´ines brutes subit plus l'influence de la date de re´colte que du taux d'irrigation. L'he´re´dite´estimative de la digestibilite´in vitro est relativement e´leve´e, quelles que soient la quantite´d'eau fournie et la date de re´colte. L'incidence du taux d'irrigation sur la valeur de h 2 estime´e pour les fibres au de´tergent neutre est plus floue, signe qu'on pourrait enregistrer des gains plus rapidement en se´lectionnant des plantes re´colte´es plus tard dans la saison, quand l'irrigation n'est plus optimale. L'he´re´dite´estimative des fibres au de´tergent neutre digestibles est faible ou associe´e aù ne forte erreur-type.

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“…Most modern cocksfoot cultivars are synthetics bred by genotypic selection based on a progeny test, or phenotypic selection of clones in the USA, Canada, Europe, and New Zealand (Alderson and Sharp 1995;Casler et al 2000). Half-sib family selection without within-family selection was effective in increasing forage yield (Casler et al 2002). 'Akimidori II,' selected through half-sib family selection, had a 6% higher forage yield than the check cultivar when evaluated at six locations in southern Japan for 3 years (Sugita et al 1995).…”

Section: Breeding Methods and Specific Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cercosporidium graminis (Fuckel) Deighton) are all serious diseases in cocksfoot. Compared to the base population, resistance to Drechslera leaf spot increased with one cycle of half-sib family selection for forage yield in 9 out of 11 selected populations (Casler et al 2002). Resistance to scald in cocksfoot was increased though one cycle of phenotypic selection by artificial inoculation of seedlings (Sugita et al 1987).…”

Section: Specific Goals In Current Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The correlation of forage yield with neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration was positive and, consequently, with in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) was negative (Stratton et al 1979) but the situation is not always clear-cut (see Casler et al 2002). The magnitude of the genetic correlation coefficient between WSC and forage yield under sward (Sanada et al 2007a) and spaced-plant conditions (Jafari and Naseri 2007) was low, while a positive correlation of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and NDF concentrations with forage yield was found among half-sib families in cocksfoot (Sanada et al 2007a).…”

Section: Specific Goals In Current Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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