Half a Billion Simulations: Evolutionary Algorithms and Distributed Computing for Calibrating the Simpoplocal Geographical Model

Schmitt, Clara; Rey-Coyrehourcq, Sébastien; Reuillon, Romain; Pumain, Dénise

doi:10.1068/b130064p

Cited by 38 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Evolutionary methods are well suited for this setting because they can perform a search through the parameter space based on information gathered in the pattern space by simulation, and do so without any a priori knowledge of the relationship between the parameter space and the pattern space. They were successfully used for model calibration when data about some parameters is lacking but there is an idea of global patterns to be expected [ 19 – 22 ]. Evolutionary calibration methods are all based on a priori ideas of the patterns one would like to obtain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Corroboration: Strengthening Model Validation by Looking for Unexpected Patterns

2015

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Models of emergent phenomena are designed to provide an explanation to global-scale phenomena from local-scale processes. Model validation is commonly done by verifying that the model is able to reproduce the patterns to be explained. We argue that robust validation must not only be based on corroboration, but also on attempting to falsify the model, i.e. making sure that the model behaves soundly for any reasonable input and parameter values. We propose an open-ended evolutionary method based on Novelty Search to look for the diverse patterns a model can produce. The Pattern Space Exploration method was tested on a model of collective motion and compared to three common a priori sampling experiment designs. The method successfully discovered all known qualitatively different kinds of collective motion, and performed much better than the a priori sampling methods. The method was then applied to a case study of city system dynamics to explore the model’s predicted values of city hierarchisation and population growth. This case study showed that the method can provide insights on potential predictive scenarios as well as falsifiers of the model when the simulated dynamics are highly unrealistic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Corroboration: Strengthening Model Validation by Looking for Unexpected Patterns

2015

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“…Trajectories of cities could be reconstructed via such simulation models on the very long term for systems of cities as different as Europe and United States (Bretagnolle & Pumain, 2010) and all countries of the former Soviet Union (Cottineau, 2014). The last developments of these investigations were accompanied by the construction of a simulation platform named OpenMole (Reuillon, Leclaire, & Rey Coyrehourcq, 2013) that enables social scientists to use evolutionary algorithms and distributed intensive computing for a much more efficient and secure validation of the simulation results (Pumain & Reuillon, 2017;Schmitt, Rey-Coyrehourcq, Reuillon, & Pumain, 2015). Theoretical hypothesis of a simulation model can thus be tested to determine if they are not only sufficient to produce the desired stylized facts to be reproduced but as well necessary.…”

Section: Urban Systems and Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional science: economy and geography in France and French‐speaking countries

Pumain

Torre

2020

Papers in Regional Science

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The objective of this paper is to assess the French‐speaking countries contributions to regional science since its creation in the 1950s. France, and other French‐speaking countries, very quickly adhered to the approach of the founding fathers of regional science. French‐language research developed for several years without maintaining major relations with the main streams that flow through regional science. However, the years 2000 and 2010 saw the emergence of streams of thought that strongly irrigate at the international level. The authors of this paper are part of this movement. Here we trace the origins and development of the French‐speaking contribution to regional sciences, while highlighting the originality of the French‐language approach. First, the question of academic and institutional contexts is discussed, with the role of the founders and the peculiar place of Journals and public institutions. Further sections analyse the main contributions coming from economics (local systems of production and innovation, innovative milieus and proximity analysis) and geography (regional development at a global scale, and urban systems and complexity). We conclude with cross‐disciplinary contributions including intra‐urban organization and mobility, territorial governance and territorial development, as well as other approaches to the social sciences, in the contemporary issues of city and territorial governance.

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“…However, the evolutionary (genetic) algorithms are efficient enough to perform a robust solution search [15] in a complex parameter space with a lack of historical data for quality assessment [21]. The applicability of evolutionary algorithms for SWAN wave model calibration is demonstrated in [13].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Ensemble-Based Evolutionary Calibration of the Numerical Wind Wave Model

Vychuzhanin¹,

Nikitin²,

Kalyuzhnaya³

2019

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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The adaptation of numerical wind wave models to the local time-spatial conditions is a problem that can be solved by using various calibration techniques. However, the obtained sets of physical parameters become over-tuned to specific events if there is a lack of observations. In this paper, we propose a robust evolutionary calibration approach that allows to build the stochastic ensemble of perturbed models and use it to achieve the trade-off between quality and robustness of the target model. The implemented robust ensemble-based evolutionary calibration (REBEC) approach was compared to the baseline SPEA2 algorithm in a set of experiments with the SWAN wind wave model configuration for the Kara Sea domain. Provided metrics for the set of scenarios confirm the effectiveness of the REBEC approach for the majority of calibration scenarios.

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Half a Billion Simulations: Evolutionary Algorithms and Distributed Computing for Calibrating the Simpoplocal Geographical Model

Cited by 38 publications

References 40 publications

Beyond Corroboration: Strengthening Model Validation by Looking for Unexpected Patterns

Beyond Corroboration: Strengthening Model Validation by Looking for Unexpected Patterns

Regional science: economy and geography in France and French‐speaking countries

Robust Ensemble-Based Evolutionary Calibration of the Numerical Wind Wave Model

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