HAL1 mediate salt adaptation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Yang, Suxin; Yx, Zhao; Zhang, Q; He, Ying; Zhang, H; Luo, Bin

doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290079

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Calcineurin and HAL1 were regulators of intracellular K ϩ and Na ϩ homeostasis in yeast S. cerevisiae (Gaxiola et al, 1992;Nakamura et al, 1993). Ectopic expression of these yeast regulatory genes improved salt tolerance in transgenic plants (Pardo et al, 1998;Gibert et al, 2000;Yang et al, 2001). Very recently, overexpression of a plasma membrane Na ϩ /H ϩ antiporter gene (ApNhaP) in a freshwater cyanobacterium, a photo- Figure 6.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Overexpression of SOD2 Increases Salt Tolerance of Arabidopsis

et al. 2003

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The yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) SOD2 (Sodium2) gene was introduced into Arabidopsis under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Transformants were selected for their ability to grow on medium containing kanamycin. Southern-and northern-blot analyses confirmed that SOD2 was transferred into the Arabidopsis genome. There were no obvious morphological or developmental differences between the transgenic and wild-type (wt) plants. Several transgenic homozygous lines and wt plants (control) were evaluated for salt tolerance and gene expression. Overexpression of SOD2 in Arabidopsis improved seed germination and seedling salt tolerance. Analysis of Na ϩ and K ϩ contents of the symplast and apoplast in the parenchyma cells of the root cortex and mesophyll cells in the spongy tissue of the leaf showed that transgenic lines accumulated less Na ϩ and more K ϩ in the symplast than the wt plants did. The photosynthetic rate and the fresh weight of the transgenic lines were distinctly higher than that of wt plants after NaCl treatment. Results from different tests indicated that the expression of the SOD2 gene promoted a higher level of salt tolerance in vivo in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.A major factor impairing worldwide agricultural productivity is salinity, which is believed to affect nearly one-fifth of the world's irrigated land and resulted in a loss of 10 million ha of otherwise arable land each year (Boyer, 1982; Szaboles, 1987; Flowers and Yeo, 1995; Nelson et al., 1998). To solve the problems caused by salinity in agricultural areas, several approaches have been applied, such as irrigation with fresh water and improving soil drainage. However, these expensive solutions are not always practical. Therefore, the study of plant salt tolerance, with a view to identify and eventually to manipulate the genes involved in salt perception and responses, seems to be a promising approach (Zhu, 2000).Plant growth depends on mineral nutrients absorbed from the soil by roots. Although Na ϩ is a major cation present in the soil, it is not considered an essential mineral for most plants. In saline soils, high concentrations of Na ϩ disrupt the balance of other minerals such as K ϩ , thereby creating osmotic stress and causing secondary problems such as oxidative stress (Zhu, 2001). These adverse effects result in plant growth inhibition and even plant death.The mechanisms for plant cells to prevent excessive accumulation of Na ϩ in the cytosol are as follows.First, Na ϩ entry to plant cells may be restricted by selective ion uptake. However, nonselective cation channels have been proposed to mediate substantial Na ϩ entry into plant roots (Davenport and Tester, 2000; Demidchik and Tester, 2002). The cloned highaffinity potassium uptake transporter (HKT1) and low-affinity cation transporter (LCT1) affect Na ϩ permeability when expressed in yeast or oocytes, suggesting that they may also be considered Na ϩ influx transporters (Rubio et al., 1995; Schachtman et al., 1997; Liu et al., 2000).Second, inter...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Overexpression of SOD2 Increases Salt Tolerance of Arabidopsis

et al. 2003

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“…An alternate methodology to generate salt tolerant plants is the introduction of halotolerant genes involved in the regulation of ion homeostasis such as HAL1, HAL2 and HAL3 from yeast (Cervera et al 2000, Albert et al 2000, Yang et al 2001. Overexpression of HAL1 in tomato improved salt tolerance by maintaining a high internal K + concentration and decreasing intracellular Na + during salt stress (Gisbert et al 2000, Rus et al 2001b.…”

Section: Membrane Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Transgenic plants with improved dehydration-stress tolerance: Progress and future prospects

Cherian¹,

Reddy²,

Ferreira³

2006

Biol. plant.

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This review summarizes the recent progress made towards the development of transgenic plants with improved tolerance to water stress and salinity. Of the various strategies employed, emphasis has been given to the genes engineered for the biosynthesis of osmoprotectants and osmolytes. This review also briefly discusses the importance of the use of specific stress inducible promoters and the future prospects of transgenic plants with improved agronomic traits.

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“…The overexpression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae HAL1 gene, a potent modulator of ion homeostasis in yeast (Gaxiola et al 1992), conferred salt tolerance in higher plants, not only in model species such as Arabidopsis (Yang et al 2001) but also in species of agronomic interest, such as melon (Bordas et al 1997), tomato (Gisbert et al 2000) and watermelon (Ellul et al 2003), although these studies were carried to short or midterm and, consequently, the tolerance was determined on the basis of either plant or callus growth. It is important to bear in mind that the plants can employ two fundamental sets of mechanisms to resist salinity in their growing medium: mechanisms of osmotic resistance to avoid hyperosmotic stress, which occurs normally at low stress levels and over short periods of salt stress and mechanisms of ionic resistance to avoid the ion toxicity induced by accumulation of saline ions, the main effect induced to long term or high stress levels (Munns 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The HAL1 function on Na⁺ homeostasis is maintained over time in salt‐treated transgenic tomato plants, but the high reduction of Na⁺ in leaf is not associated with salt tolerance

Muñoz‐Mayor

Pineda

Garcia-Abellán

et al. 2008

Physiologia Plantarum

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To achieve a deeper knowledge on the function of HAL1 gene in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants submitted to salt stress, in this study, we studied the growth and physiological responses to high salt stress of T3 transgenic plants (an azygous line without transgene and both homozygous and hemizygous lines for HAL1) proceeding from a primary transformant with a very high expression level of HAL1 gene. The homozygous plants for HAL1 gene did not increase their salt tolerance in spite of an earlier and higher reduction of the Na(+) accumulation in leaves, being moreover the Na(+) homeostasis maintained throughout the growth cycle. The greater ability of the homozygous line to regulate the Na(+) transport to the shoot to long term was even shown in low accumulation of Na(+) in fruits. By comparing the homozygous and hemizygous lines, a higher salt tolerance in the hemizygous line, with respect to the homozygous line, was observed on the basis of fruit yield. The Na(+) homeostasis and osmotic homeostasis were also different in homozygous and hemizygous lines. Indeed, the Na(+) accumulation rate in leaves was greater in hemizygous than in homozygous line after 35 days of 100 mM NaCl treatment and only at the end of growth cycle did the hemizygous line show leaf Na(+) levels similar to those found in the homozygous line. With respect to the osmotic homeostasis, the main difference between lines was the different contribution of inorganic and organic solutes to the leaf osmotic balance. Taken together, these results suggest that the greater Na(+) exclusion ability of the homozygous line overexpressing HAL1 induces a greater use of organic solutes for osmotic balance, which seems to have an energy cost and hence a growth penalty that reverts negatively on fruit yield.

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HAL1 mediate salt adaptation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Overexpression of SOD2 Increases Salt Tolerance of Arabidopsis

Overexpression of SOD2 Increases Salt Tolerance of Arabidopsis

Transgenic plants with improved dehydration-stress tolerance: Progress and future prospects

The HAL1 function on Na⁺ homeostasis is maintained over time in salt‐treated transgenic tomato plants, but the high reduction of Na⁺ in leaf is not associated with salt tolerance

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HAL1 mediate salt adaptation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Overexpression of SOD2 Increases Salt Tolerance of Arabidopsis

Overexpression of SOD2 Increases Salt Tolerance of Arabidopsis

Transgenic plants with improved dehydration-stress tolerance: Progress and future prospects

The HAL1 function on Na+ homeostasis is maintained over time in salt‐treated transgenic tomato plants, but the high reduction of Na+ in leaf is not associated with salt tolerance

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The HAL1 function on Na⁺ homeostasis is maintained over time in salt‐treated transgenic tomato plants, but the high reduction of Na⁺ in leaf is not associated with salt tolerance