Hairless Descendants of Mexican Hairless Dogs: An Experimental Model for Studying Hypertrophic Scars

Kimura, Tohru

doi:10.2310/7750.2011.10081

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…The most commonly used animal models of scarring include nude mouse models and rabbit ear models. 10 – 13 However, rejection response is always an avoidable problem in the establishment of nude mouse models, which involves the transplantation of human scar tissues. The rabbit ear model of scarring has much in common with human scars, such as the repair of wound surface and the histopathological structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paclitaxel reduces formation of hypertrophic scars in the rabbit ear model

Huang¹,

Wang²,

Jia³

et al. 2015

TCRM

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Background and objectiveThe onset and progression of pathological scarring involves multiple cytokines and complex mechanisms. However, hyperplasia of fibroblasts and neovascularization plays important roles, which can be inhibited by paclitaxel. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of paclitaxel in the treatment of hypertrophic scars on rabbit ears.MethodsRabbit ear models of hypertrophic scars were established to observe the therapeutic effects of paclitaxel at different concentrations (12 mg/L, 24 mg/L, 48 mg/L, 96 mg/L, 18 mg/L, 54 mg/L, 162 mg/L, 486 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 150 mg/L, 750 mg/L, 3,750 mg/L). The outcome measures included hypertrophic index (HI), density of fibroblasts, density of collagenous fibers, and microvessel density.ResultsIn comparison with the control group, the concentrations of 96 mg/L, 150 mg/L, and 162 mg/L significantly reduce the formation of hypertrophic scars in the rabbit ear models. However, local necrosis was found in the rabbit ear models treated with paclitaxel solution >400 mg/L.ConclusionPaclitaxel has strong inhibitory effects on the hyperplasia of fibroblasts, deposition of collagen, and microangiogenesis in hypertrophic scars on rabbit ears within the concentration range from 48 mg/L to 162 mg/L, without causing local necrosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paclitaxel reduces formation of hypertrophic scars in the rabbit ear model

Huang¹,

Wang²,

Jia³

et al. 2015

TCRM

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“…Besides mice, rats, rabbits and pigs, it is also possible to induce hypertrophic scars in guinea pigs and dogs [37,45]. Aksoy et al described hypertrophic scarring in guinea pigs after incision, panniculectomy and coal tar treatment, which lead to the formation of scars with histologic and clinical features of hypertrophic scars like erythema and elevation over the surrounding skin in 50% of the animals; while this method is also accompanied by mortality of 20% due to the toxic effects of coal tar [45].…”

Section: Miscellaneous Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aksoy et al described hypertrophic scarring in guinea pigs after incision, panniculectomy and coal tar treatment, which lead to the formation of scars with histologic and clinical features of hypertrophic scars like erythema and elevation over the surrounding skin in 50% of the animals; while this method is also accompanied by mortality of 20% due to the toxic effects of coal tar [45]. Kimura et al showed that full thickness wounds in hairless dogs form hyperpigmented scars rising above unwounded surrounding skin [37]. Compared to haired dogs, these animals form thicker scars with more blood vessels, fibroblasts and inflammatory cells, higher collagen organization and collagen nodules, which is a typical histological feature of hypertrophic scars [37].…”

Section: Miscellaneous Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Models for Hypertrophic Scars—A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Backgroundand Objectives: Hypertrophic scars following surgeries or burns present a serious concern for many patients because these scars not only lead to an aesthetical but also to a functional and psychological burden. Treatment of hypertrophic scars is challenging because despite various treatment options, a low level of evidence hinders preference of any specific treatment plan. To properly identify new therapeutic approaches, the use of in vivo models remains indispensable. A gold standard for hypertrophic scars has not been established to date. This review aims at giving a comprehensive overview of the available in vivo models. Materials and Methods: PubMed and CINAHL were queried for currently existing models. Results: Models with mice, rats, rabbits, pigs, guinea pigs and dogs are used in hypertrophic scar research. Rodent models provide the advantage of ready availability and low costs, but the number of scars per animal is limited due to their relatively small body surface, leading to a high number of test animals which should be avoided according to the 3Rs. Multiple scars per animal can be created in the guinea pig and rabbit ear model; but like other rodent models, these models exhibit low transferability to human conditions. Pig models show a good transferability, but are cost-intensive and require adequate housing facilities. Further, it is not clear if a currently available pig model can deliver clinical and histological features of human hypertrophic scars concurrently. Conclusions: None of the analyzed animal models can be clearly recommended as a standard model in hypertrophic scar research because the particular research question must be considered to elect a suitable model.

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“…The female Red Duroc pig develops raised, thick scars following deep dermal injury, as compared with normal healing of the same wounds in the Yorkshire pig (same species control) . The Mexican Hairless dog also exhibits similar fibroproliferative scarring after injury; these lesions are not seen in other breeds of dogs . Knowledge of such interspecies and intraspecies differences can help the human wound healing researcher choose the best animal model for the question at hand, and also helps in the interpretation of results and extrapolation of data into other species and other clinical situations.…”

Section: Understanding Comparative Wound Healing To Improve Clinical mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative wound healing—Are the small animal veterinarian's clinical patients an improved translational model for human wound healing research?

Volk

Bohling

2013

Wound Repair Regeneration

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Despite intensive research efforts into understanding the pathophysiology of both chronic wounds and scar formation, and the development of wound care strategies to target both healing extremes, problematic wounds in human health care remain a formidable challenge. Although valuable fundamental information regarding the pathophysiology of problematic wounds can be gained from in vitro investigations and in vivo studies performed in laboratory animal models, the lack of concordance with human pathophysiology has been cited as a major impediment to translational research in human wound care. Therefore, the identification of superior clinical models for both chronic wounds and scarring disorders should be a high priority for scientists who work in the field of human wound healing research. To be successful, translational wound healing research should function as an intellectual ecosystem in which information flows from basic science researchers using in vitro and in vivo models to clinicians and back again from the clinical investigators to the basic scientists. Integral to the efficiency of this process is the incorporation of models which can accurately predict clinical success. The aim of this review is to describe the potential advantages and limitations of using clinical companion animals (primarily dogs and cats) as translational models for cutaneous wound healing research by describing comparative aspects of wound healing in these species, common acute and chronic cutaneous wounds in clinical canine and feline patients, and the infrastructure that currently exists in veterinary medicine which may facilitate translational studies and simultaneously benefit both veterinary and human wound care patients.

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Hairless Descendants of Mexican Hairless Dogs: An Experimental Model for Studying Hypertrophic Scars

Abstract: Experimental hypertrophic scars produced in hairless dogs have morphologic properties similar to those of human hypertrophic scars.

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Paclitaxel reduces formation of hypertrophic scars in the rabbit ear model

Paclitaxel reduces formation of hypertrophic scars in the rabbit ear model

In Vivo Models for Hypertrophic Scars—A Systematic Review

Comparative wound healing—Are the small animal veterinarian's clinical patients an improved translational model for human wound healing research?

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