Hair Straightening and Hair Dyes: Facts and Controversies

Dias, Maria Fernanda Reis Gavazzoni; Pirmez, Rodrigo; Dutra, Hudson; Tosti, Antonella

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-21555-2_19

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Hair dye useassociated side effects are mostly limited to the skin and/or the hair shaft, including contact dermatitis, hair breakage, and texture change. However, few cases may experience systemic adverse events, varying from simple headaches to facial edema and a possible risk of severe and life-threatening allergic reactions [20][21][22] . Skin reactions are the main reported side effects after hair dyeing, and p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and its derivatives are the main causative chemical in allergic contact dermatitis [21][22][23] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practice and Impact of Hair Dyeing; A Local Study

Dhafiri

Furaikh

Aljasir

et al. 2022

ijirms

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Background: Hair dying has become a common practice among men and women. However, hair dye can be associated with several adverse effects varying from mild to severe reactions. Therefore, the study's main objective was to assess public practice, perception, and experienced complications of hair color treatments in Al-Ahsa region in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 355 male and female subjects among a single city population in Saudi Arabia; An online questionnaire was distributed to male and female subjects to evaluate the practice and impact of hair color usage. The questionnaire constituted three sections: biographical data, dye usage attitude, and awareness and knowledge about dye and its effects. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v22. Results with a P value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Among 355 participants, 212 (59.7%) reported using hair dyes. The age of hair dye users averaged 36.1 ± 12.9 years old. The majority of dye users were females, 165 (77.8%). Most of them (29.2%) started using hair dyes at 20-25 years old. The frequency of dye usage, 91 (42.9%) dye their hair once a year. Additionally, 109 (51.4%) of subjects dye their hair by themselves at home. Hair colors have been used for various reasons, and the most common is to disguise grey hair and look younger, 97 (45.8%). 166 (78.3%) participants believe that non-chemical or herbal hair dyes are safer than chemical ones. Moreover, hair dye-caused side effects in 42 (19.8%) participants, with itching being the most common side effect (47.6 %). Conclusion: Our study found that hair dyeing is widely used for different purposes, and inappropriate beliefs and practices were detected among participants. Health education on hair-dying products must be improved to enhance the public's awareness of ingredients and side effects. Furthermore, an informative tool designed by experts will help individuals use hair coloring products safely and appropriately.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practice and Impact of Hair Dyeing; A Local Study

Dhafiri

Furaikh

Aljasir

et al. 2022

ijirms

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“…They are used to react with keratin, promoting the cleavage of the disulfide bonds. Products containing thioglycolic acid and its derivatives, are also an alternative (Dias et al, 2020). Nevertheless, it is necessary to point that even exposing the professional and the consumer to risks and being prohibited by the legislation, the irregular use persists, and some reasons are the cost, since formaldehyde is considered cheaper than the others, the process of application is quicker and the hair presents an intense glare after application (Abraham et al, 2009b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of formaldehyde in samples of hair straighteners and suitability of the labels

Silvestre

Fagá

Almeida-Cincotto

et al. 2020

Rev. Ciênc. Farm. Básica Apl.

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Formaldehyde is an active compound, irregularly used in hair products, that has the property of straighten and waterproofing the wires. However, it is highly toxic and can stimulate dermatological hypersensitivity and cancer. In this context it is of fundamental importance the inspection of these products that can be used in safe conditions for the consumer, without formaldehyde in concentrations higher than the allowed. Thus, the aim of this research was the qualitative and quantitative identification formaldehyde in samples of hair straighteners that was obtained by donation in the beauty salons of Araraquara-SP. In addition, the analysis of the packaging labels of the products tested were conducted, following the requirements of the national legislation-RDC 07/2015 which defines the mandatory labeling standards for cosmetic products. A qualitative analysis for formaldehyde identification is based on the formation of a purple colored complex. The quantitative analysis was performed by spectrophotometry. The qualitative and quantitative formaldehyde analysis methods were applied to 13 bottles of hair straighteners. When submitted to qualitative analysis, all samples showed formaldehyde presence. The quantitative analysis demonstrated that the samples identified as B, C, D, E, G, H, I, J and M presented formaldehyde concentration of 3.5 to 14.5%, which is above of the limit recommended by the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), of 0.2%. In the label analysis, in all samples were found irregularities.

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Hair Straightening and Hair Dyes: Facts and Controversies

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Practice and Impact of Hair Dyeing; A Local Study

Practice and Impact of Hair Dyeing; A Local Study

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of formaldehyde in samples of hair straighteners and suitability of the labels

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