Hair pulling and its affective correlates in an African-American university sample

Prevalence, phenomenology and diagnostic criteria of hair-pulling in an Italian non-clinical sample: A preliminary study

“…Furthermore, Stanley et al (1995) posited that the emotional changes which take place following hair-pulling are more salient in hair-pulling phenomenology than are the emotional changes experienced during hair-pulling (as stated in the DSM-IV-TR). Finally, other affective correlates (i.e., boredom, anxiety, anger, embarrassment, discomfort, sadness, or frustration) in addition to those described in the DSM-IV-TR criteria (tension, relief and pleasure) emerged to play an important role in the pulling cycle (Christenson, Ristvedt, & Mackenzie, 1993;Diefenbach, Mouton-Odum, & Stanley, 2002;Duke et al, 2009;Mansueto, McCombs-Thomas, & Brice, 2007;Stanley et al, 1995). Taken together, the extant research suggests that a revision of the current criteria for trichotillomania may be warranted.…”

The impact of emotions on body-Focused repetitive behaviors: Evidence from a non-treatment-seeking sample

“…In clinical and non-clinical samples, individuals with HP and SP consistently report that emotions such as boredom, anxiety, tension, and frustration are present prior to BFRBs and decrease during or after pulling or picking episodes (Roberts et al, 2013). Guilt, shame, sadness, and anger may develop during or after BFRB episodes, as do feelings of satisfaction, indifference, and relief (Bohne, Wilhelm, Keuthen, Baer, & Jenike, 2002;Diefenbach, Mouton-Odum, & Stanley, 2002;Duke et al, 2009;Mansueto, Thomas, & Brice, 2007;Neal-Barnett & Stadulis, 2006;Wilhelm et al, 1999). Furthermore, two studies that measured ER in individuals with and without BFRBs found that individuals with HP and SP reported greater difficulty regulating negative affective states than did controls (Shusterman et al, 2009;Snorrason et al, 2010), and that difficulty regulating particular emotions predicted the degree to which those emotions triggered HP (Snorrason et al, 2010).…”

Ethnic differences in trichotillomania: Phenomenology, interference, impairment, and treatment efficacy

“…This study suggests that minorities are less likely to experience tension prior to pulling, and exploration of the factors contributing to this phenomenon is warranted. Because previous research has found anxiety to be a primary affect experienced by African Americans prior to a pulling episode (Mansueto et al, 2007;Neal-Barnett & Stadulis, 2006), future research may include a focus on minorities' definition and perception of anxiety vs. tension. Specifically, perceived differences between Latinos' and Africans Americans' descriptions of the two affects could be investigated.…”

“…To receive a TTM diagnosis, certain affective states must be present prior to and during the hair pulling episode. The affective state most commonly experienced prior to pulling is tension, while episode (Mansueto, Thomas, & Brice, 2007;Neal-Barnett & Stadulis, 2006).…”