An anionic surface-active agent derived from wool proteins was developed as an alternative to the anionic surfactants extensively used in shampoo formulations. The physicochemical properties of this new surfaceactive agent prepared form wool proteins and its application for human hair treatments were studied. This new product could be considered a new mild anionic surfaceactive agent, as evidenced by the results found by the evaluation of its physicochemical properties. The new wool anionic surface-active agent was shown to be very substantive to hair, coating the fiber surface, giving rise to a significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the hair fibers, and providing a certain damage-prevention effect on the hair.