Hair dye use and risk of human cancer

Zhang, Yawei; Kim, Christopher; Zheng, Tongzhang

doi:10.2741/397

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…34 PPD is commonly used as hair dye. 35 We consider coadsorption of those dyes with doxorubicin (DOX) on carbon nanotube in physiological conditions. DOX is a member of anthracycline class of chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of many common human cancers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coadsorption of Doxorubicin and Selected Dyes on Carbon Nanotubes. Theoretical Investigation of Potential Application as a pH-Controlled Drug Delivery System

2016

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This work shows results of a theoretical survey, based on molecular dynamics simulation, of potential applicability of doxorubicin coadsorption with various dyes molecules on/in carbon nanotubes as a drug delivery system. The central idea is to take advantage of the dyes charge distribution change upon switching the pH of the environment from neutral (physiological 7.4) to acidic one (∼5.5 which is typical for tumor tissues). This work discusses results obtained for four dye molecules revealing more or less interesting behavior. These were bromothymol blue, methyl red, neutral red, and p-phenylenediamine. All of them reveal pKa in the range 5-7 and thus will undergo protonation in that pH range. We considered coadsorption on external walls of carbon nanotubes and sequential filling of the nanotubes inner hollow space by drug and dyes. The latter approach, with the application of neutral red and p-phenylenediamine as blockers of doxorubicin, led to the most promising results. Closer analysis of these systems allowed us to state that neutral red can be particularly useful as a long-term blocker of doxorubicin encapsulated in the inner cavity of (30,0) carbon nanotube at neutral pH. At acidic pH we observed a spontaneous release of neutral red from the nanotube and unblocking of doxorubicin. We also confirmed, by analysis of free energy profiles, that unblocked doxorubicin can spontaneously leave the nanotube interior at the considered conditions. Thus, that system can realize pH controlled doxorubicin release in acidic environment of tumor tissues.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coadsorption of Doxorubicin and Selected Dyes on Carbon Nanotubes. Theoretical Investigation of Potential Application as a pH-Controlled Drug Delivery System

2016

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“…However, organics with molecular masses of less than 500 Da have been shown to easily cross the skin barrier . PPD, whose molecular mass is less than 500 Da, has in fact been regarded as an allergen and carcinogen. , Some developed countries such as Japan also consider hair dyeing ingredients to be “quasi-drugs” because of the potential harm these ingredients may pose to human health and safety . The in situ oxidation reactions that color hair as well as the dyeing ingredients themselves cause the hair and scalp to become bleached and damaged …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-Chelation-Assisted Deposition of Polydopamine on Human Hair: A Ready-to-Use Eumelanin-Based Hair Dyeing Methodology

Kim

Jeon

2017

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Permanent dyeing of gray hair has become an increasingly active area in the cosmetics industry because of the increasingly aging population in developed countries. So far, p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and related diamine-based monomeric compounds have been widely used for the dyeing processes, but toxicological studies have revealed such compounds to be carcinogenic and allergenic. Here, we for the first time demonstrated that polydopamine, a mimic of human eumelanin, gives rise within a commercially acceptable period of time (i.e., 1 h) to deep black colors (i.e., natural Asian hair colors) in human keratin hairs in the presence of ferrous ions. The dyed hairs showed excellent resistance to conventional detergents, and the detailed color was readily varied by changing the kind of metal ion used. SEM images and FT-IR-ATR spectra suggested that the extent of polydopamine aggregation was crucial for the dyeing efficiency. High-resolution (15 T) FT-ICR mass spectrometry performed on the products detached from hairs with either 0.1 N HCl or NaOH indicated that similar polydopamine products were recruited into the hair matrices whether in the presence or absence of metal-based chelating. Polydopamine chains were determined using EPR and ICP-OES to use chelation of ferrous ions to self-assemble as well as to bind keratin surfaces in the dyeing conditions. Also, mice subjected to skin toxicity tests showed much greater viability and much less hair loss with our dyeing agents than with PPD. In conclusion, this study showed that a safe eumelanin mimic may be used to permanently dye gray hair, and showed three kinds of deposition mechanisms (i.e., innate binding ability of polydopamine, metal-assisted self-assembly of polydopamine, and metal-related bridging between keratin surface and polydopamine) to be involved.

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“…54 However, the molecular weight of most organic hair dyes, such as pphenylenediamine, is less than 500 Da, and they are reported to cause allergies and skin cancer. 55 Critically, hair dyeing should be toxicologically safe. When dyeing hair with AuNCs on a living person, two possible approaches were suggested to avoid the potential toxicity from dyeing agents of HAuCl 4 and NaOH.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organic molecules with molecular weights of less than 500 Da can easily pass the skin barrier . However, the molecular weight of most organic hair dyes, such as p -phenylenediamine, is less than 500 Da, and they are reported to cause allergies and skin cancer . Critically, hair dyeing should be toxicologically safe.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Gold Inlaid with Hair”: Permanent Fluorescent Hair Dyeing Using Fast Protein-Assisted Biomineralization of Gold Nanoclusters

Shu

Sun

Zhou

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Permanent fluorescent hair dyeing is one of the modern coloration modes to meet the increasing demands of personality and fashion statements. However, the limited durability and narrow Stokes shift of small molecule dyes hinder the permanent performance and distinguished use of fluorescent hair dyes from conventional hair coloration. Here, fluorescent metal nanomaterials, gold nanoclusters, have been utilized as hair dyes and embedded inside hair through a fast protein-assisted biomineralization approach under heating and alkaline conditions. Heat and alkalinity not only ensure that the scales of hair fully open and the dye precursor is deeply pervasive but also largely promote the reducibility of hair protein. The introduction of gold nanocluster bestows a broad range of new photophysical, much enhanced antistatic, mechanical, durable, and biocompatible properties to hair, largely improving the comfort experience and cosmetic performance.

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Hair dye use and risk of human cancer

Cited by 16 publications

References 66 publications

Coadsorption of Doxorubicin and Selected Dyes on Carbon Nanotubes. Theoretical Investigation of Potential Application as a pH-Controlled Drug Delivery System

Coadsorption of Doxorubicin and Selected Dyes on Carbon Nanotubes. Theoretical Investigation of Potential Application as a pH-Controlled Drug Delivery System

Metal-Chelation-Assisted Deposition of Polydopamine on Human Hair: A Ready-to-Use Eumelanin-Based Hair Dyeing Methodology

“Gold Inlaid with Hair”: Permanent Fluorescent Hair Dyeing Using Fast Protein-Assisted Biomineralization of Gold Nanoclusters

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