Hair and nail nicotine levels of mothers and their infants as
valid biomarkers of exposure to intrauterine tobacco smoke

Go, Mitzi; Al-Delaimy, Wael K.; Schilling, Diane; Vuylsteke, Brittany; Mehess, Shawn; Spindel, Eliot R.; McEvoy, Cindy T.

doi:10.18332/tid/143209

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Firstly, we disclosed how the alcohol consumption of an individual will not always correspond to the declared one. Most of the scientific studies as well as clinical evaluations on tobacco and alcohol use are based on patient statements and generally do not involve objective evaluations [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Indeed, as for alcohol intake, the evaluation of the impact of alcohol consumption on carcinogenesis or the evolution of this kind of disease is not easily assessed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Alcohol Consumption and Oral Microbiota on Upper Aerodigestive Tract Carcinomas: A Pilot Study

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alcohol consumption is associated with oxidative stress and an increased risk of carcinoma of the upper aero-digestive tract (UADT). Recently, it has been found that some microorganisms in the human oral cavity may locally metabolize ethanol, forming acetaldehyde, a carcinogenic metabolite of alcohol. In a cohort of patients first visited for UADT cancers, we estimated their alcohol consumption by measuring Ethyl Glucuronide/EtG (a long-lasting metabolite of ethanol) in the hair and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin/CDT (short-term index of alcohol intake) in the serum. Moreover, we analyzed, by culture-based methods, the presence of Neisseria subflava, Streptococcus mitis, Candida albicans, and glabrata (microorganisms generating acetaldehyde) in the oral cavity. According to the EtG values, we correlated drinking alcohol with endogenous oxidative stress and the investigated microorganism’s presence. We found that 55% of heavy drinkers presented microorganisms generating acetaldehyde locally. Moreover, we found that the presence of oral acetaldehyde-producing bacteria correlates with increased oxidative stress compared to patients without such bacteria. As for the study of alcohol dehydrogenase gene polymorphisms (the enzyme that transforms alcohol to acetaldehyde), we found that only the “CGTCGTCCC” haplotype was more frequent in the general population than in carcinoma patients. This pilot study suggests the importance of estimating alcohol consumption (EtG), the presence of bacteria producing acetaldehyde, and oxidative stress as risk factors for the onset of oral carcinomas.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Alcohol Consumption and Oral Microbiota on Upper Aerodigestive Tract Carcinomas: A Pilot Study

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Verghese et al [57] reported two clinical cases where the line of demarcation on the nails was used to infer that the patients had stopped smoking due to recent illnesses. The appearance of the nails where a line of demarcation separates the yellow, nicotine-stained portion from the newly grown, pink nail is known as “harlequin nail.” Furthermore, the effect of tobacco on nails is also used to measure smoke exposition as researchers found strong correlations between maternal and infant hair and nail nicotine levels; indeed, it seems that newborn hair and nail can be valuable predictors of fetal exposure to cigarette smoke [58]. Additionally, infant nail nicotine levels appeared to be higher than infant hair nicotine levels, potentially reflecting the earlier development of nail beds in the fetus [58].…”

Section: Exposomal Factors Impacting On Nail Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposome Impact on Nail Health

Prudkin,

Cedirian,

Santamaria

et al. 2024

Skin Appendage Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The nail unit is a complex system with various components, each serving distinct functions. The exposome, encompassing external and internal factors such as UV radiation, air pollution, dietary habits, and cosmetic product usage, substantially influences nail health and can lead to premature nail aging. Summary: Internal and external exposomal factors can impact differently on nail health, inducing a variety of different clinical conditions. Effective therapeutic strategies exist, but a comprehensive understanding of how the exposome affects nails is lacking. This article aims to bridge this knowledge gap by exploring the relationship between the exposome and nail health, emphasizing it as a central focus of our analysis. Key Messages: (1) The exposome, comprising various external and internal factors, may significantly influence nail health negatively, leading to premature nail aging. (2) Different nail conditions may arise due to the exposomal influence on nails. (3) Understanding the exposome’s impact on nail health is crucial for developing solutions to mitigate negative effects and improve overall nail well-being.

show abstract

“…1,3,6,13−19 Research pertaining to understanding the incorporation of drugs or chemicals during nail formation have explored various methods of ingestion, including in utero drug exposure by analyzing infants' fingernails. 13,16,19 Thus, nail analysis may be performed for alcohol and drug treatment to forensic toxicological analysis in drug-facilitated sexual assaults and postmortem cases, where there may have been a single distant exposure or unspecified drug use history that may provide information on the cause or manner of death. 1 Other testing specimens are at the forefront of current forensic toxicology methods regarding alcohol biomarkers, including hair and bodily fluids such as urine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alcohol biomarkers are one of many drug markers which have been found in fingernail clippings, including parent drug and or metabolites of tobacco, marijuana, THC, opiates and opioids, nicotine, PCP, Zolpidem, Bromazepam, Benzodiazepines, Amphetamine and Methamphetamine, Cocaine, and Benzoylecgonine. ,,,− Research pertaining to understanding the incorporation of drugs or chemicals during nail formation have explored various methods of ingestion, including in utero drug exposure by analyzing infants’ fingernails. ,, …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy for Forensic Screening of Long-Term Alcohol Consumption from Human Nails

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is used throughout forensic laboratories for many applications. FT-IR spectroscopy can be useful with ATR accessories in forensic analysis for several reasons. It provides excellent data quality combined with high reproducibility, with minimal user-induced variations and no sample preparation. Spectra from heterogeneous biological systems, including the integumentary system, can be associated with hundreds or thousands of biomolecules. The nail matrix of keratin possesses a complicated structure with captured circulating metabolites whose presence may vary in space and time depending on context and history. We developed a new approach by using machine-learning (ML) tools to leverage the potential and enhance the selectivity of the instrument, create classification models, and provide invaluable information saved in human nails with statistical confidence. Here, we report chemometric analysis of ATR FT-IR spectra for the classification and prediction of long-term alcohol consumption from nail clippings in 63 donors. A partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to create a classification model that was validated against an independent data set which resulted in 91% correctly classified spectra. However, when considering the prediction results at the donor level, 100% accuracy was achieved, and all donors were correctly classified. To the best of our knowledge, this proof-of-concept study demonstrates for the first time the ability of ATR FT-IR spectroscopy to discriminate donors who do not drink alcohol from those who drink alcohol on a regular basis.

show abstract

Hair and nail nicotine levels of mothers and their infants as valid biomarkers of exposure to intrauterine tobacco smoke

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

The Impact of Alcohol Consumption and Oral Microbiota on Upper Aerodigestive Tract Carcinomas: A Pilot Study

The Impact of Alcohol Consumption and Oral Microbiota on Upper Aerodigestive Tract Carcinomas: A Pilot Study

Exposome Impact on Nail Health

Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy for Forensic Screening of Long-Term Alcohol Consumption from Human Nails

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About