Haems and bilins

Houghton, Jennifer D.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2155-6_6

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Allophycocyanin, a water-soluble blue pigment and photosynthetic chromophore in cyanobacteria and red algae, is used as a fluorescent label for immunodetection and as a food colorant [87]. Chl c , a brown-yellow pigment, can also be used as a food colorant [88].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantageous characteristics of the diatom Chaetoceros gracilis as a sustainable biofuel producer

Tokushima

Inoue-Kashino

Nakazato

et al. 2016

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundDiatoms have attracted interest as biofuel producers. Here, the contents of lipids and photosynthetic pigments were analyzed in a marine centric diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis. This diatom can be genetically engineered using our previously reported transformation technique and has a potential to produce valuable materials photosynthetically. Sustainable culture conditions for cost-effective production of biological materials under autotrophic conditions with atmospheric carbon dioxide were investigated in the laboratory. A large-scale, open-air culture was also performed.ResultsCell population doubling time was ~10 h under continuous illumination without CO2 enrichment, and large amounts of triacylglycerols (TAG) and fucoxanthin accumulated under a wide range of salinity and nutrient conditions, reaching ~200 and 18.5 mg/L, respectively. It was also shown that C. gracilis produced high amounts of TAG without the need for nitrogen or silica deprivation, which is frequently imposed to induce lipid production in many other microalgae. Furthermore, C. gracilis was confirmed to be highly tolerant to changes in environmental conditions, such as salinity. The diatom grew well and produced abundant lipids when using sewage water or liquid fertilizer derived from cattle feces without augmented carbon dioxide. High growth rates (doubling time <20 h) were obtained in a large-scale, open-air culture, in which light irradiance and temperature fluctuated and were largely different from laboratory conditions.ConclusionsThe ability of this microalga to accumulate TAG without nutrient deprivation, which incurs added labor, high costs, and complicates scalability, is important for low-cost industrial applications. Furthermore, its high tolerance to changes in environmental conditions and high growth rates observed in large-scale, open-air culture implied scalability of this diatom for industrial applications. Therefore, C. gracilis would have great potential as a biofactory.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantageous characteristics of the diatom Chaetoceros gracilis as a sustainable biofuel producer

Tokushima

Inoue-Kashino

Nakazato

et al. 2016

Biotechnol Biofuels

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“…Phycobiliproteins are currently being used as natural colourants for food and cosmetic applications and are used in foods such as chewing gum and dairy products in addition to lipsticks and eyeliners (Sekar and Chandramohan 2008). Niohan Siber Hegner Ltd. and Dainippon Ink & Chemical Inc. are two companies in Tokyo that market the phycobiliprotein phycocyanin as a natural food colourant (Houghton 1996). Different phycobiliproteins have been shown to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hypocholesterolemic, hepatoprotective, antiviral, anti-tumour, liverprotecting, atherosclerosis treatment, serum lipid-reducing and lipase inhibition activities (Sekar and Chandramohan 2008).…”

Section: Phycobiliproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive compounds in seaweed: functional food applications and legislation

Holdt

Kraan²

2011

J Appl Phycol

1,586

1,303

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Seaweed is more than the wrap that keeps rice together in sushi. Seaweed biomass is already used for a wide range of other products in food, including stabilising agents. Biorefineries with seaweed as feedstock are attracting worldwide interest and include low-volume, high valueadded products and vice versa. Scientific research on bioactive compounds in seaweed usually takes place on just a few species and compounds. This paper reviews worldwide research on bioactive compounds, mainly of nine genera or species of seaweed, which are also available in European temperate Atlantic waters, i.e. Laminaria sp., Fucus sp., Ascophyllum nodosum, Chondrus crispus, Porphyra sp., Ulva sp., Sargassum sp., Gracilaria sp. and Palmaria palmata. In addition, Undaria pinnatifida is included in this review as this is globally one of the most commonly produced, investigated and available species. Fewer examples of other species abundant worldwide have also been included. This review will supply fundamental information for biorefineries in Atlantic Europe using seaweed as feedstock. Preliminary selection of one or several candidate seaweed species will be possible based on the summary tables and previous research described in this review. This applies either to the choice of high valueadded bioactive products to be exploited in an available species or to the choice of seaweed species when a bioactive compound is desired. Data are presented in tables with species, effect and test organism (if present) with examples of uses to enhance comparisons. In addition, scientific experiments performed on seaweed used as animal feed are presented, and EU, US and Japanese legislation on functional foods is reviewed.

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“…Additionally, phycobiliproteins are currently being used as natural colorants for food (i.e., chewing gum and dairy products) and cosmetic applications (i.e., lipsticks and eyeliners) (Sekar and Chandramohan 2008). Niohan Siber Hegner Ltd. and Dainippon Ink & Chemical Inc., two companies in Tokyo, market the phycobiliprotein phycocyanin as a natural food colorant (Houghton 1996). The two main organisms used for the production of phycobiliproteins are the blue‐green microalga Spirulina for phycocyanin and the unicellular red algae Porphyridium for phycoerythrin (Sekar and Chandramohan 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Proteins, Peptides, and Amino Acids From Macroalgae1

Harnedy¹,

Fitzgerald²

2011

Journal of Phycology

309

189

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Macroalgae are a diverse group of marine organisms that have developed complex and unique metabolic pathways to ensure survival in highly competitive marine environments. As a result, these organisms have been targeted for mining of natural biologically active components. The exploration of marine organisms has revealed numerous bioactive compounds that are proteinaceous in nature. These include proteins, linear peptides, cyclic peptides and depsipeptides, peptide derivatives, amino acids, and amino acid-like components. Furthermore, some species of macroalgae have been shown to contain significant levels of protein. While some protein-derived bioactive peptides have been characterized from macroalgae, macroalgal proteins currently still represent good candidate raw materials for biofunctional peptide mining. This review will provide an overview of the important bioactive amino-acid-containing compounds that have been identified in macroalgae. Moreover, the potential of macroalgal proteins as substrates for the generation of biofunctional peptides for utilization as functional foods to provide specific health benefits will be discussed.

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Haems and bilins

Cited by 9 publications

References 77 publications

Advantageous characteristics of the diatom Chaetoceros gracilis as a sustainable biofuel producer

Advantageous characteristics of the diatom Chaetoceros gracilis as a sustainable biofuel producer

Bioactive compounds in seaweed: functional food applications and legislation

Bioactive Proteins, Peptides, and Amino Acids From Macroalgae1

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