Haemorrhagic manifestations with sindbis infection. Case report

Guard, Roger W.; McAuliffe, Matthew J.; Stallman, N. D.; Bramston, B.A.

doi:10.3109/00313028209069049

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…33 However, disease caused by SIN virus infection is rare in Australia, with few confirmed human cases. 34,35 Nucleotide sequence analysis of the E2 and C genes of an isolate of a 1966 isolate of SIN virus from northern PNG was shown to be more closely related to the Oriental/ Australasian genotype of SIN virus than to the Paleoarctic/ Ethiopian genotype. 36 If nucleotide sequence analysis reveals the strain of SIN virus circulating in transmission cycles in PNG is similarly related to the Oriental/Australasian genotype, it is unlikely to pose a risk for people living in PNG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Japanese encephalitis virus from mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea, 1997-1998.

Johansen¹,

Hurk²,

Ritchie³

et al. 2000

Am J Trop Med Hyg

102

109

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After Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus emerged in the Torres Strait in Australia in 1995, investigations were initiated into the origin of the incursion. New Guinea was considered the most likely source, given its proximity to islands of the Torres Strait. Almost 400,000 adult mosquitoes were processed for virus isolation from 26 locations in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea (PNG) between February 1996 and February 1998, yielding three isolates of JE virus. Two isolates of Murray Valley encephalitis, 17 isolates of Sindbis, and 1 each of Sepik and Ross River viruses were also obtained. Nucleic acid sequences of the PNG JE isolates were determined in the prM region, and in a region overlapping a part of the fifth nonstructural protein and the 3' untranslated region. The PNG isolates belonged to genotype II, and shared > 99.2% identity with isolates from humans and mosquitoes from the Torres Strait, suggesting that PNG is the source of incursions of JE virus into Australia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Japanese encephalitis virus from mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea, 1997-1998.

Johansen¹,

Hurk²,

Ritchie³

et al. 2000

Am J Trop Med Hyg

102

109

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show abstract

“…SIN virus is the most commonly isolated arbovirus from mosquitoes in Australia (Mackenzie et al, 1994). Despite this, human disease has only been reported on two occasions in Australia (Doherty et al, 1969 ;Guard et al, 1982), although seroepidemiological studies suggest that frequent subclinical infections do occur (Boughton et al, 1984 ;Doherty, 1973 ;Kanamitsu et al, 1979 ;Liehne et al, 1976). Strain variation or the presence of clinically similar diseases or antigenically related alphaviruses may explain the low incidence of clinical infections in humans in Australia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic distribution and evolution of Sindbis virus in Australia.

Sammels

Lindsay

Poidinger

et al. 1999

Journal of General Virology

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The molecular epidemiology and evolution of Sindbis (SIN) virus in Australia was examined. Several SIN virus strains isolated from other countries were also included in the analysis. Two regions of the virus genome were sequenced including a 418 bp region of the E2 gene and a 484 bp region containing part of the junction region and the 5h end of the C gene. Analysis of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence data from 40 SIN virus isolates clearly separated the Paleoarctic/ Ethiopian and Oriental/Australian genetic types of SIN virus. Examination of the Australian strains showed a temporal rather than geographic relationship. This is consistent with the virus having migratory birds as the major vertebrate host, as it allows for movement of virus over vast areas of the continent over a relatively short period of time. The results suggest that the virus is being periodically redistributed over the continent from an enzootic focus of evolving SIN virus. However, SIN virus strains isolated from mosquitoes collected in the south-west of Australia appear to represent a new SIN virus lineage, which is distinct from the Paleoarctic/Ethiopian and Oriental/Australian lineages. Given the widespread geographic dispersal of the Paleoarctic/ Ethiopian and Oriental/Australian lineages, it is surprising that the South-west genetic type is so restricted in its area of circulation. Nucleotide sequence data from the C gene of the prototype strain of the alphavirus Whataroa were also determined. This virus was found to be genetically distinct from the SIN virus isolates included in the present study ; however, it is clearly SIN-like and appears to have evolved from a SIN-like ancestral virus.

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“…Despite the wide distribution of SINV, symptomatic infections in humans have been reported in only a few geographically restricted areas, such as northern Europe, and occasionally in South Africa (12), Australia (15)(16)(17)(18), and China (13). In the early 1980s in Finland, serologic evidence associated SINV with rash and arthritis, known as Pogosta disease (19).…”

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confidence: 99%

Sindbis Virus Infection in Resident Birds, Migratory Birds, and Humans, Finland

Kurkela

Rätti

Huhtamo

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Sindbis virus (SINV), a mosquito-borne virus that causes rash and arthritis, has been causing outbreaks in humans every seventh year in northern Europe. To gain a better understanding of SINV epidemiology in Finland, we searched for SINV antibodies in 621 resident grouse, whose population declines have coincided with human SINV outbreaks, and in 836 migratory birds. We used hemagglutination-inhibition and neutralization tests for the bird samples and enzyme immunoassays and hemagglutination-inhibition for the human samples. SINV antibodies were fi rst found in 3 birds (red-backed shrike, robin, song thrush) during their spring migration to northern Europe. Of the grouse, 27.4% were seropositive in 2003 (1 year after a human outbreak), but only 1.4% were seropositive in 2004. Among 2,529 persons, the age-standardized seroprevalence (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003) was 5.2%; seroprevalence and incidence (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003) were highest in North Karelia (eastern Finland). Grouse may contribute to the epidemiology of SINV in humans.

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Haemorrhagic manifestations with sindbis infection. Case report

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Isolation of Japanese encephalitis virus from mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea, 1997-1998.

Isolation of Japanese encephalitis virus from mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea, 1997-1998.

Geographic distribution and evolution of Sindbis virus in Australia.

Sindbis Virus Infection in Resident Birds, Migratory Birds, and Humans, Finland

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