Haemorrhages into the back and auxiliary breathing muscles after death by hanging

Schulz, F.; Buschmann, C.; Braun, Christian; Püschel, Klaus; Brinkmann, B.; Tsokos, Michael

doi:10.1007/s00414-011-0622-1

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…X‐ray examination or CT scan in decapitations can be considered a fully indicated diagnostic tool. Hemorrhages into the back and auxiliary breathing muscles and hemorrhages in the small and large bowel walls as newly suggested vital signs in hanging deaths in our cases were not recorded .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Decapitation in Suicidal Hanging – Vital Reaction Patterns

Hejna

Bohnert

2012

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Complete or incomplete decapitation as a consequence of suicidal hanging is very rare, few cases having been reported in the worldwide literature. Posthanging decapitation is typically related to a drop of several meters. Three cases of complete decapitation and one case of incomplete decapitation by suicidal hanging are reported with particular emphasis on internal findings and vital reaction patterns. Personal, circumstantial, autopsy, and toxicological data were analyzed to define basic characteristics of such extreme injuries. The crucial factor for the state of decapitation itself is the kinetic energy of the falling body, the strength of the human neck tissue, and the diameter and elasticity of the used ligature. Results of our case study suggest Simon's hemorrhage and air embolism as useful autopsy findings in posthanging beheading cases. Simon's hemorrhage was demonstrated in three cases of four. The test for air embolism was positive in all four cases.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Decapitation in Suicidal Hanging – Vital Reaction Patterns

Hejna

Bohnert

2012

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…The autopsy finding of intramuscular haemorrhage into the auxiliary muscles of breathing following death by hanging 49 supports the theory of forceful inspiratory effort implicated in the development of ARDS.…”

Section: Injuries From Hangingsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Autopsy findings of intramuscular haemorrhage into the large muscles of the back supports muscular contraction associated with both decorticate and decerebrate posturing. 49…”

Section: Injuries From Hangingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injury after non-judicial hanging

Chikhani

Winter

2014

Trauma

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Hanging is an important and increasingly common method of suicide in developed countries. Little is known about the true human pathophysiological changes and injury patterns associated with hanging and near hanging. Cervical spine injury is commonly reported; however, there is a paucity of large data sets concerning this injury. This review article focuses on the incidence of cervical spine and associated neck injuries and their role in morbidity and mortality following non-judicial hanging. A total of 26 heterogeneous studies were identified examining injury after hanging or near hanging. In total, there were 2795 patients; 1530 (54.7%) with true hanging and 1265 (45.3%) with near hanging. Cervical spine injury was reported in a total of 58 (2.08%) patients. Injuries to the airway and vessels of the neck seem rare. This is somewhat lower than the current accepted incidence for cervical spine injury after hanging or blunt force trauma. The overall incidence of cervical spine injury after hanging is low. Spinal immobilisation should probably be instituted depending on the mechanism of the hanging. However, a patient presenting with signs of life to an emergency department is unlikely to have a severe cervical spine injury.

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“…From this perspective, pathological changes of the synovial membrane in hypothermia have entered the range of other autopsy signs which have been studied more closely recently or have been newly described [25][26][27]. These morphological changes are important not only from an academic point of view, but above all for the possibility of their immediate use in routine practice of forensic pathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The diagnostic value of synovial membrane hemorrhage and bloody discoloration of synovial fluid (“inner knee sign”) in autopsy cases of fatal hypothermia

2012

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We describe and discuss autopsy findings of synovial membrane hemorrhage and bloody discoloration of synovial fluid ("inner knee sign") within a study population comprising 36 cases of fatal hypothermia and 300 control cases. Synovial membrane hemorrhage and bloody discoloration of synovial fluid of the knees were seen in 27 cases of fatal hypothermia (75%). Though we are not dealing here with an obligatory autopsy finding in fatal hypothermia, the detection of the inner knee sign might be used as another corroborative sign of vital hypothermia after considering all differential diagnostic aspects. However, the absence of this finding does not exclude death due to hypothermia.

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Haemorrhages into the back and auxiliary breathing muscles after death by hanging

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

Decapitation in Suicidal Hanging – Vital Reaction Patterns

Decapitation in Suicidal Hanging – Vital Reaction Patterns

Injury after non-judicial hanging

The diagnostic value of synovial membrane hemorrhage and bloody discoloration of synovial fluid (“inner knee sign”) in autopsy cases of fatal hypothermia

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