Haemorheological changes in the very short term after abstention from tobacco by cigarette smokers

Rothwell, Matt; Rampling, M.W.; Cholerton, S.; Sever, Peter

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.1991.tb08062.x

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Both the higher plasma fibrinogen concentrations of smokers compared with non-smokers (combined data from Studies 1 and 2), and the significant fall in plasma fibrinogen concentration with 2 weeks abstention from smoking observed in Study 2, are in accordance with previous findings [13,33,34]. Moreover, the elevated levels of plasma fibrinogen concentration in smokers were also significantly correlated with elevated rates of fibrinogen synthesis (Figure 3 ; r l 0.65, P l 0.04).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Ernst et al [11], for example, reported a dose-effect relationship between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and plasma fibrinogen concentration. Conversely, cessation from smoking results in a rapid reduction in plasma fibrinogen [33,34], which subsequently may remain slightly elevated for several years [35]. The present paper aimed to establish if the hyperfibrinogenaemia observed in smokers is accompanied by an increased rate of synthesis and, conversely, whether synthesis is reduced by short-term smoking cessation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Effects of smoking and abstention from smoking on fibrinogen synthesis in humans

et al. 2001

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Cigarette smoking and hyperfibrinogenaemia are both significant risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. Two studies are described here which aimed to establish the metabolic mechanism responsible for the raised plasma fibrinogen concentration observed in smokers. Chronic smokers had a significantly elevated absolute rate of fibrinogen synthesis (ASR) compared with non-smokers (22.7 +/- 1.3 mg/kg per day versus 16.0 +/- 1.3 mg/kg per day; means +/- S.E.M., P < 0.01), with plasma levels of fibrinogen significantly correlated with fibrinogen synthesis (r = 0.65, P = 0.04). Unlike fibrinogen, plasma albumin concentrations were lower in smokers than in non-smokers (45 +/- 0.4 versus 47 +/- 0.7 g/l, P < 0.05), but there was no difference in rates of albumin synthesis between the two groups. Two weeks cessation from smoking by previously chronic smokers was associated with a rapid and marked fall in plasma fibrinogen concentration (from 3.06 +/- 0.11 g/l to 2.49 +/- 0.14 g/l, P < 0.001), and a significant reduction in ASR (a 33% reduction, from 24.1 +/- 1.7 to 16.1 +/- 1.0 mg/kg per day, P < 0.001). These studies suggest a primary role for increased synthesis in producing the hyperfibrinogenaemia associated with smoking. Moreover, abstention from smoking for a period of only 2 weeks induces a significant decrease in the rate of fibrinogen synthesis by the liver, with a concomitant reduction in the plasma fibrinogen concentration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effects of smoking and abstention from smoking on fibrinogen synthesis in humans

et al. 2001

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“…24 Fibrinogen increased more in those who reported starting, continuing, or recently quitting smoking than in consistent nonsmokers, but these findings were statistically nonsignificant due, in part, to the small sample sizes. Other than chance occurrence, we are unclear as to why quitting smoking did not reduce fibrinogen in the present study as it did in short-term clinical trials of smoking cessation 9,25 and the longitudinal study by Meade et al 10 Lifestyle factors not related to fibrinogen change were alcohol change, BMI change, and sports score change. These findings are consistent with those of most clinical trials 9 ; however, Meade et al found longitudinal changes in fibrinogen negatively associated with changes in alcohol consumption.…”

Section: February 2000contrasting

confidence: 51%

Determinants of Population Changes in Fibrinogen and Factor VII Over 6 Years

Folsom

Rasmussen

et al. 2000

ATVB

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Abstract-Although numerous cross-sectional studies have identified possible determinants of plasma fibrinogen and factor VII levels, few prospective studies exist. We assessed the longitudinal relation of changes in fibrinogen and factor VII over 6 years with changes to other cardiovascular risk factors in a sample of 440 men and 549 women from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Fibrinogen increased more in older participants, those with or who developed diabetes, those who at any time smoked, and those whose plasma HDL cholesterol or triglycerides decreased and increased less in female participants who started hormonal replacement therapy. Factor VII coagulant activity increased more in younger participants, women, those who gained greater weight or developed diabetes, those who quit smoking, those in whom plasma triglycerides decreased, and female participants who received hormonal replacement therapy. Thus, our longitudinal data suggest with some exceptions that adverse changes in cardiovascular risk factors are accompanied by increases in plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII.

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“…First of all, cases were distributed to the NST and SST groups almost equally, and none of the patients and accompanying persons were permitted to smoke at least from the time of admission to the time of discharge. It has been reported that following tobacco withdrawal, a rapid (within 2 days), substantial and persistent reduction in plasma fibrinogen occurred [20]. Morten et al [21] concluded in their study that elevated plasma fibrinogen was associated with reduced FEV 1 and an increased risk of COPD, and this was independent from the patient’s smoking habit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Effect of Corticosteroids on Hemostasis and Pulmonary Arterial Pressure during Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation

Kunter

İlvan²,

Özmen³

et al. 2006

Respiration

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Background: Hemodynamic and hemostatic abnormalities are reportedly frequent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objectives: We investigated the changes in systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAPs) and hemostatic status and the effects of systemic steroid treatment (SST) during COPD exacerbation. Methods: Consecutive 26 male and 4 female patients as well as 10 controls were enrolled. The nonsteroid treatment (NST) group received standard treatment without steroids, and the other group received additional SST. Initial values of blood gases, spirometry and PAPs, P-selectin, D-dimer and fibrinogen levels, activities of thrombocyte aggregation, antithrombin III (AT III), protein C (PC), protein S, activated PC resistance (APCR), prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time were obtained and compared with values at day 10. Results: Improvement in spirometry and blood gases was more prominent with SST. At presentation, patients had higher PAPs, P-selectin, D-dimer and fibrinogen but lower AT III levels than controls. PAPs and fibrinogen levels significantly decreased in the SST group while P-selectin levels further increased in the NST group. The D-dimer level significantly decreased in both groups. Means of AT III, PC and protein S increased in the SST and decreased in the NST group, but only the decrease in PC in the NST group was meaningful. Compared with the controls, AT III levels in the NST group and activated PC resistance in the SST group were significantly decreased. Thrombocyte aggregation tests suggested an incline after 10 days in both groups. Conclusions: We suggest that in patients with COPD exacerbation, addition of systemic corticosteroids to treatment results in better outcome in normalization of PAPs, hemostasis, pulmonary functions and blood gases.

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Haemorheological changes in the very short term after abstention from tobacco by cigarette smokers

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of smoking and abstention from smoking on fibrinogen synthesis in humans

Effects of smoking and abstention from smoking on fibrinogen synthesis in humans

Determinants of Population Changes in Fibrinogen and Factor VII Over 6 Years

Effect of Corticosteroids on Hemostasis and Pulmonary Arterial Pressure during Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation

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