Haemodynamic significance of the atrioventricular plane displacement in patients with coronary artery disease

Abstract

Echocardiographic quantitative assessment of the atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPD) in systole towards the apex has been used to estimate global left ventricular (LV) function. The study population consisted of 106 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with or without previous myocardial infarction and 40 age-matched healthy subjects. The AVPD was recorded from the apical four- and two-chamber views at four sites corresponding to the septal, lateral, anterior and posterior walls of the left ventricle. A mean displacement (AVmean) was calculated from the above sites. AVmean was significantly decreased in patients with CAD compared to healthy subjects (P less than 0.001). In patients in whom the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was calculated from cineangiograms a good correlation between AVmean and LVEF was found (r = 0.89, P less than 0.001, SEE = 6.4). Selecting an AVmean of 10 mm or more to define a normal LVEF (greater than or equal to 55%) resulted in a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 87% in predicting a normal versus abnormal left ventricular systolic function. It is concluded that the ease of recording the AVPD by echocardiography provides a simple and valuable noninvasive method to assess global left ventricular function in patients with CAD.

Rapid assessment of longitudinal systolic left ventricular function using speckle tracking of the mitral annulus

“…The correlation with EF is lower than for SRR and SR; thus we propose that TMAD may not be used instead of determination of EF, as previously reported [18], but for the distinct description of LV longitudinal function alone as and adjunct to EF. Our regression coefficients are comparable with other studies using M-mode comparisons with cineventriculography or MAD [19]. The automatic measurement of TMAD in our study resulted in a lower variability than in manually performed MAD measurements [20]; this was similar to the data previously reported by DeCara et al [18].…”

Right Ventricular Function in Ischemic or Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

“…Contraction of the ventricle in the longitudinal axis is mainly caused by subendocardial fibers, 30 which are sensitive to ischemia. 31 Therefore, TDE velocity measurements in the free wall of the RV are affected in ICM. On the other hand, in DCM the dilatation of the RV might change the myofiber orientation, resulting in a more circumferential fiber arrangement.…”

Abnormalities of left ventricular long-axis function predict the onset of hypertension independent of blood pressure: a 7-year prospective study

“…15,16 M-mode determined MAVPD evaluates the systolic function of the LV long-axis, is highly reproducible and simple to perform, 12 and correlates with LV ejection fraction. [17][18][19] Longitudinal systolic function assessed by M-mode echocardiography is decreased in hypertensives with left ventricular hypertrophy, whereas alterations in long-axis contraction occur early in HTN as assessed by tissue Doppler analysis. 6,8 These findings suggest that alterations in subendocardial myocardial function are present early in the pathogenesis of the hypertensive disease.…”