Haemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of xenon anaesthesia A comparison with nitrous oxide

Boomsma, Frans; Rupreht, J.; Veld, A. J. Man In 'T; Jong, Frank H. de; Dzoljic, M.R.; Lachmann, Burkhard

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1990.tb14731.x

Cited by 104 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The literature on catecholamine release during xenon anaesthesia is equivocal. Some studies report a decrease of plasma catecholamine concentrations during anaesthesia in pigs (Marx et al 1997), and unaltered or elevated catecholamine concentrations during xenon anaesthesia in human patients (Boomsma et al 1990). Against this background of conflicting reports regarding the cardiovascular and hormonal effects of xenon, we performed this randomized controlled study in one of the most widely studied animal models of cardiac physiology -the Beagle dog.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The haemodynamic and catecholamine response to xenon/remifentanil anaesthesia in Beagle dogs

et al. 2008

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SummaryThe noble gas xenon seems to have minimal cardiovascular side-effects and so may be an ideal anaesthetic agent when investigating cardiovascular physiology. In comparison with standard modern anaesthetics, we investigated the haemodynamic and hormonal effects of xenon in Beagle dogs. After a 30 min baseline period, anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with either (1) 1.2% isoflurane/70% nitrous oxide (N 2 O), (2) 0.8% isoflurane/ 0.5 mg/kg/min remifentanil or (3) 63% xenon/0.5 mg/kg/min remifentanil (n ¼ 6 per group).Haemodynamics were recorded and blood samples taken before and 60 min after induction. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was higher in conscious dogs than during isoflurane/N 2 O (86 + 2 vs. 65 + 2 mmHg, mean + SEM) and isoflurane/remifentanil anaesthesia (95 + 2 vs. 67 + 3 mmHg), whereas MAP did not decrease significantly in response to xenon/ remifentanil anaesthesia (96 + 4 vs. 85 + 6 mmHg). Bradycardia was present during isoflurane/remifentanil (54 + 2/min) and xenon/remifentanil (40 + 3/min), but not during isoflurane/N 2 O anaesthesia (98 + 3/min, P , 0.05). Xenon/remifentanil anaesthesia induced the highest reduction in cardiac output (CO) ( -61%), and the highest increase in systemic vascular resistance (þ120%) among all treatment groups (P , 0.05). A simultaneous increase in endogenous adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations could only be observed in the xenon/remifentanil group, whereas angiotensin II and vasopressin concentrations increased in all groups. In conclusion, xenon/remifentanil anaesthesia maintains MAP but reduces heart rate and CO and is associated with a considerable stimulation of vasopressor hormones in Beagle dogs. Therefore, xenon/remifentanil exerts a new quality of adverse haemodynamic effects different from volatile anaesthetics and may not perform better during studies of cardiovascular physiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The haemodynamic and catecholamine response to xenon/remifentanil anaesthesia in Beagle dogs

et al. 2008

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“…Following thoracotomy, the heart was rapidly excised and perfused via retrograde cannulation of the aorta in a Langendorff apparatus at a constant flow of 10 mL·min -1 (Radnoti Grass®; Monrovia, CA, USA) using modified Krebs-Henseleit (K-H) buffer. 10 K-H buffer was composed of (mM) NaCl 118, KCl 4.7, KH 2 PO 1.2, MgSO 4 1.2, CaCl 2 2.8, NaHCO 3 25, glucose 5.5 and sodium pyruvate 2.0. Constant flow was maintained throughout the experiment.…”

Section: Objectif : Vérifier Les Effets Inotropiques Et Chronotropiqumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ENON (Xe) has many of the properties of an ideal anesthetic, because it is non-explosive, non-toxic, non-teratogenic, and probably is not metabolized. [1][2][3] Xe also offers rapid induction and recovery from anesthesia 4,5 due to its extremely low blood/gas partition coefficient (0.115-0.14). 6,7 The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of Xe is 71% in humans, indicating that it is a moderately more potent anesthetic than nitrous oxide (N 2 O) (104%).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenon and nitrous oxide do not depress cardiac function in an isolated rat heart model

Nakayama¹,

Takahashi

Okubo

et al. 2002

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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“…A minimal flow, minimal cost, xenon delivery regimen in humans using near-standard equipment S. Rawat and J. Dingley Anaesthetics Department, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK Xenon (Xe) has properties of an ideal anaesthetic [1] and is also showing promise as a neuroprotectant [2]. Although scarce and expensive (approximately 10 US$.l ), uptake via the lungs is low which suggests that closed circuit delivery systems would be ideal to contain costs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A minimal flow, minimal cost, xenon delivery regimen in humans using near‐standard equipment

Rawat

Dingley

2009

Anaesthesia

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MethodsIn our experiment we used two sets of apparatus. Set A consisted of a 500-ml bag of 0.9% saline connected in sequence to a blood giving set, unidirectional valve, three-way tap, 120-cm wide bore extension tubing and then to a 18G venous cannula 50 cm below the bag of saline. Set B differed only in having two unidirectional valves on either sides of the three-way tap. We tested 20 volunteers, ten of whom were consultant anaesthetists and the other ten were trainee anaesthetists. Each subject was asked to use a 30 ml Luer lock syringe attached to the side arm of the three-way tap to empty the 500 ml bag of fluid through the 18G cannula. They did this for one set and then the other with a rest between. The order in which sets A and B were used was randomly chosen for each subject by a coin toss. The time taken to empty the 500-ml bag was recorded in each case. Each subject was also asked whether they had ever used a three-way tap and syringe to administer fluid to an adult patient. The mean time taken to empty the bag of fluid using each set was calculated. A paired t-test was used to compare the times. SPSS 15.0 used for statistical analysis. ResultsThree of the trainee volunteers had never used a threeway tap and syringe to administer fluid to an adult patient. The remaining seven trainees and all of the 10 consultants had done this at some time. For trainees, mean time to deliver 500 ml with one R-Lock was 189.8 s (SD 35.1); with two R-Locks, mean was 120.1 s (13.0). For consultants, mean time with single R-Lock was 174.3 s (21.9); with two R-Locks, mean was 122.5 s (13.5). Mean difference between groups overall was 60.8 s (95% CI 50.5-70.9, p < 0.001) with fluid administration taking less time with use of two R-Locks. DiscussionOur experiment demonstrates that the use of two R-Locks on either side of a three-way tap allows administration of 500 ml crystalloid an average of 60.8 s more quickly. The magnitude of the improvement was similar for both experienced and inexperienced anaesthetists. This system can be considered for rapid administration of fluids to adult patients using a syringe and a three-way tap. Our setup not only prevents small muscle fatigue but also prevents accidental disconnections and spillage of fluids.

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Haemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of xenon anaesthesia A comparison with nitrous oxide

Cited by 104 publications

References 14 publications

The haemodynamic and catecholamine response to xenon/remifentanil anaesthesia in Beagle dogs

The haemodynamic and catecholamine response to xenon/remifentanil anaesthesia in Beagle dogs

Xenon and nitrous oxide do not depress cardiac function in an isolated rat heart model

A minimal flow, minimal cost, xenon delivery regimen in humans using near‐standard equipment

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