Haematological profile of human immunodeficiency virus infected patients

Abstract

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> In India, approximately 6 million populations are affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Anemia and leukopenia, especially thrombocytopenia is seen commonly in HIV infections. Low CD4+ count and increased viral load are some of the factors associated with increased risk of thrombocytopenia. The aim of the study was to study the hematological changes that occur in HIV infected patients who attend the Institute of Venereology, before starting HAART.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Institute of Venereology, Madras Medical College/Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai in 100 treatment-naive HIV infected patients. Detailed history and clinical examination was done. Blood samples were collected. Complete blood count, CD4 count, prothrombin time, activated plasma thromboplastin time, peripheral smear etc., were done. Results were collected and analysed.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 100 patients, 56% were males and 43% females and one transgender. Anaemia was detected in 72%patients. 73.5% males and 76.2% females with CD4 count <350/μl were anemic. The commonest anaemia was normochromic normocytic, seen in 65% patients. 7 male and 7 female patients had leukopenia. 81.25%patients with lymphocytopenia had CD4 count <350/μl. 12% males and 4% females had neutropenia. 17% had neutrophilia. Patients in WHO stage I did not have neutropenia. 23% patients had thrombocytopenia. 47% patients with thrombocytopenia were in stage IV. Maximum number of patients with normal platelet count was in stage I.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Haematological abnormalities are a common occurrence during the course of HIV infection. Identifying and treating the haematological changes have great impact on both the morbidity and mortality of HIV infected patients.</p>

The global prevalence of thrombocytopenia among HIV-infected adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…International Journal of Infectious Diseases 105 (2021) 495-504 Enawgaw et al, 2014;Taremwa et al, 2015;Gunda et al, 2017;Deressa et al, 2018;Fekene et al, 2018;Katemba et al, 2018;Nka et al, 2019;Tamir et al, 2019;Gebreweld et al, 2020), seven in India (Mathews et al, 2013;Kathuria et al, 2016;Kumar et al, 2016;Dhal et al, 2018;Butale, 2019;Chitra et al, 2019;Patil and Patil, 2020), one in Turkey (HEKIMO GLU et al, 2017), and one in Italy (Franzetti et al, 2014). Of the included studies, nine (45%) were conducted only in treatment-naïve HIV/AIDS patients, eight (40%) were on both treatment and treatment-naïve patients, and three (15%) were conducted only on HIV/AIDS patients having treatment.…”