Haematological Profile in Different Clinical Spectrums of Dengue

Abstract

Background: To describe the hematological profile occurring at different clinical spectrums of dengue. Methods: Study was conducted in Department of Pathology, Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh. A total of 100 cases were enrolled with patients who were serologically positive for Dengue either by ELISA/Card(NS1, IgG, IgM) method. A blood specimen of 2 ml was obtained from all the patients under aseptic conditions and was sent for evaluation using Sysmex XS 800i automated counter. Various hematological and biochemical parameters were noted. All the patients were followed up till day 5. Results: Out of a total of 100 cases enrolled in the study a total of 55 (55%) did not have bleeding manifestations and comprised the Group I of study whereas remaining 45 (45%) patients presented with bleeding manifestations and were placed in Group II of study. Age of patients ranged from 4 to 80 years. Maximum number of patients were in age group 21 to 40 years (42%). Mean age of patients was 34.04±17.58 years. Majority of cases were detected on ELISA (54%). Mean TLC was 6549±4093/cumm. A total of 87% cases had platelet count <150,000/cumm. Group I where 34.5% patients had platelet count <50,000 in Group II this proportion was 62.2%, thus showing a significant difference between two groups (p=0.038). The proportion of patients with platelet count >100,000/cumm was 26%, 22% and 35% respectively on baseline, day 3 and day 5 where as proportion of those with platelet count <20,000/cumm was 16%, 10% and 6% respectively on baseline, day 3 and day 5 respectively. No significant difference between two groups with respect to any of the biochemical parameters (p>0.05) was observed. Conclusion: The findings in present study provide a deep insight into the hematological picture vis-à-vis the clinical and biochemical profile of dengue fever at a tertiary care centre. Considering the relevance of onset and hematological changes, the findings in present study were somewhat skewed as most of the patients included in the present study had delayed admission and as such the onset record was not available. The present study was also limited by the duration of follow-up and outcome evaluation, including relapse.