Haematological and serum biochemical responses of chickens to hydric stress

Chikumba, Nation; Swatson, H. K.; Chimonyo, M.

doi:10.1017/s175173111300102x

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, in interaction improved antibody titers against NDV by Ross-308 on corn cob pulp might be due to the reason that corn cob pulp provided dry and comfortable bedding conditions. However, study findings revealed that strains did not significantly affect NDV titers development that advocates findings of Chikumba (2013) that birds from single species are equally susceptible to particular disease and viruses in similar provided conditions.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Effect of different bedding materials on growth performance, physiological response and economic efficiency in three commercial broiler strains

Irfan

Mehmood

Mahmud

et al. 2017

IJAR

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The experiment was conducted at Ravi Campus of the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan to assess the effect of wood-shaving, wheat-straw, corn-cob pulp and rice-husk (bedding materials) on the performance of three commercial strains of broiler viz, Ross-308, Cobb-500 and Arbor Acres. Three-hundred-sixty day-old chicks, 120/ strain were distributed into 36 replicates (10 birds/ replicate) according to 4×3 factorial arrangements. Weekly weight gain, FCR, livability and rearing cost was recorded. Birds raised on corn cob pulp exhibited enhanced (P£0.05) body weight, FCR, lesser rearing cost and superior (P£0.05) livability. Among strains, Ross-308 and Cobb-500 showed improved performance compared to Arbor Acres. Serum glucose and immune response were not affected by bedding material or strain; serum cholesterol was higher at rice husk; abdominal fat pad and foot pad dermatitis were higher at corn cob pulp and wood shaving. It was concluded that corn cob pulp proved to be a better bedding material, especially in Ross-308 and Cobb-500.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Effect of different bedding materials on growth performance, physiological response and economic efficiency in three commercial broiler strains

Irfan

Mehmood

Mahmud

et al. 2017

IJAR

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“…Adaptation of NNK chickens to water restriction has, however, not been established. Haematological and serum biochemical responses of these strains to water restriction have been reported earlier (Chikumba et al, 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Effects of Water Restriction on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Organ Weights of Naked Neck and Ovambo Chickens of Southern Africa

Chikumba¹,

Chimonyo²

2014

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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In semi-arid areas of Southern Africa, dehydration can compromise the performance and welfare of local chickens, particularly during the growing period when confinement is curtailed and birds are left to scavenge for feed and water. The effect of water restriction on the growth performance was compared in Naked Neck (NNK) and Ovambo (OVB) chickens that are predominant in Southern Africa. A total of 54 eight-wk-old pullets each of NNK and OVB chickens with an initial average weight of 641±10 g/bird were randomly assigned to three water intake treatments, each having six birds for 8 wk. The water restriction treatments were ad libitum, 70% of ad libitum and 40% of ad libitum intake. Nine experimental pens with a floor space of 3.3 m2 per strain were used. The pens were housed in an open-sided house with cement floor deep littered with a 20 cm layer of untreated wood shavings. Feed was provided ad libitum. Average daily water intake (ADWI), BW at 16 weeks of age (FBW), ADG, ADFI, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and water to feed ratios (WFR) were determined. Ovambo chickens had superior (p<0.05) FBW, ADG and ADWI than NNK chickens. Body weight of birds at 16 weeks of age, ADG, ADFI, ADWI, and WFR declined progressively (p<0.05) with increasing severity of water restriction while FCR values increased (p<0.05) as the severity of water restriction increased. Naked Neck chickens had better FCR at the 40% of ad libitum water intake level than Ovambo chickens. The dressing percentage per bird was higher in water restricted birds than those on ad libitum water consumption, irrespective of strain. Heart weight was significantly lower in birds on 40% of ad libitum water intake than those on ad libitum and 70% of ad libitum water intake, respectively. In conclusion, NNK chickens performed better than OVB chickens under conditions of water restriction and would be ideal to raise for meat and egg production in locations where water shortages are a major challenge.

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“…The high total protein concentration in the serum of SG birds may be indicative of protein degradation which is aimed at maintaining physiological functions of the body and as such may be treated as a defense response. Besides, increase in the total serum protein concentration could have been due to bird dehydration (Chikumba et al, 2013). As reported by Hochleithner (1994), stress indicators in birds may also include increased activity of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase enzymes as well as a reduced concentration of alkaline phosphatase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of genotype on hematological and serum biochemical responses of turkey hens to stress

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Stress accompanying animal production is both an indicator of welfare and a factor that affects economic parameters. Dynamic development of alternative poultry production systems such as outdoor, free range or ecological, strives to achieve best-quality products and to improve the living conditions of birds. Apart from the type and intensity of the external stimuli, the response to stress is determined genetically. Poultry rearing in the aforementioned systems requires selecting the appropriate genotype of birds, often including crosses of fast-growing and slow-growing lines. The objective of this study was to demonstrate differences in the physiological response to stress of fast-growing (FG) and slow-growing (SG) turkeys and their crosses: SF (SG × FG) and FS (FG × SG), based on hematological and biochemical blood analyses. Blood was sampled from 30 turkey hens from each of four genotypes, aged 14 weeks, subjected to standard pre-slaughter handling procedures. Compared to FG and FS turkeys, the SG and SF birds had a high total protein concentration, a higher heterophil (H ) / lymphocyte (L) ratio and a higher concentration of cortisol. In turn, the FG turkeys had the highest activity of enzymes: alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase. Conversely, the FS turkeys had the highest concentrations of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDLC) and the lowest concentration of cortisol. Significant positive effects of crossing were reported for total protein, cholinesterase and cortisol. Effects of crossbreeding on the percentage of H , concentrations of total cholesterol, and LDLC and activity of aspartate transaminase in blood of the crosses were significant but negative and more dependent on the sire line. Except for albumins, whose concentration in blood of crosses was higher compared to birds of pure lines, there were no advantages of heterosis. Negative heterosis was estimated for creatinine, the enzymes alanine transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase, and for cortisol. The most similar regarding creatinine, bilirubin, albumins, total protein, H , L and H / L were the FS and SF groups. The greatest differences were in the following parameters: triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDLC), LDLC, glucose and lactate, which occurred between the pure lines of turkeys. Study results demonstrate various responses to stress in the analyzed groups of turkeys, with the level of stress measured with hematological and biological blood markers being mostly determined by additive genetic variation, and to a lesser extent by the maternal and sire effects.

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Haematological and serum biochemical responses of chickens to hydric stress

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Effect of different bedding materials on growth performance, physiological response and economic efficiency in three commercial broiler strains

Effect of different bedding materials on growth performance, physiological response and economic efficiency in three commercial broiler strains

Effects of Water Restriction on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Organ Weights of Naked Neck and Ovambo Chickens of Southern Africa

Effects of genotype on hematological and serum biochemical responses of turkey hens to stress

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