Haematological and biochemical studies on the effect of diclofenac sodium on Wistar <i>Rattus norvegicus</i>

Abstract

Diclofenac sodium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used worldwide for the treatment of inflammation and pain due to arthritis or other ailments in man and animals. Despite these benefits, there are concerns that this drug may have adverse effect on animal's liver and kidneys. This work was designed to determine the effect of diclofenac sodium on blood components using haematological tests, as well as determine the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects using biochemical assays. Twenty rats were randomly divided into four groups with 5 rats per group. The groups 2, 3, and 4 were assigned rats, intramuscularly administered diclofenac sodium at the doses of 49.05, 98.10 and 147.15 mg/kg body weight respectively, once a day for seven days while group 1 rats were given distilled water only, and served as control. The blood collected was tested by haemoanalyzer while the serum was assayed by biochemistry analyzer. The various doses of diclofenac sodium produced significant (p<0.05) decrease in the values of haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, red blood cells and white blood cells while there was significant (p<0.05) increase in the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides and electrolytes. However, there was significant (p<0.05) decrease in the levels of serum total protein, albumin, glucose and HDLcholesterol. The results therefore showed that diclofenac sodium may have deleterious effect on animal tissues, resulting in hepatic and renal impairments at the given doses and treatment duration. So caution needs to be exercised in its administration, which should be limited to the lowest therapeutic doses, to prevent its harmful effect.

Hepatoprotective effect of vitamin A and E on diclofenac induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar albino rats

“…These results are highly correlated with Basvaraj et al (Thanagari et al, 2012), Nasir AS et al andZeyneb HK et al (El-Maddawy andEl-Ashmawy, 2013). Bilirubin is the excretory product from the catabolism of heme, which is normally conjugated by the liver and excreted through bile, increased serum bilirubin is an indicator of liver impairment our results are also correlated with Orinya Agbaji et al (Orinya et al, 2017). It has been reported that increase in the total bilirubin level is an indication of either excessive production of bilirubin in hemolytic anemia, potential damage by chemical toxins, decreased hepatocellular excretion and impaired intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile low (Lee, 1995).…”

Adverse effects induced by diclofenac, ibuprofen, and paracetamol toxicity on immunological and biochemical parameters in Swiss albino mice

“…Creatinine and urea levels are used as markers of kidney function due to chemical stresses, but the test for creatinine is more sensitive than urea (Vasudevan & Sreekumari, 2007;Orinya, Adenkola, & Ogbe, 2016). The results obtained herein revealed that, Diclo, Ibu, and Para administration for 1 month had no significant alternations in renal function (levels of urea and creatinine).…”

Evaluation of some prescribed and over-the-counter drugs induced hemato-biochemical changes in mice

“…This observation is also in agreement with the earlier reports on paracetamol of Oyedeji et al (2013) and Hossain et al (2003). Likewise, Orinya et al (2016) reported that after administrating diclofenac decreased Hb content in wistar rats. Similar results have been observed in dogs following diazepam administration by Suresha et al (2012).…”

“…Paracetamol is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drugs (Anderson et al, 1998;Vane et al, 1998). Diclofenac sodium is a widely circulated drug, used both in humans and animals for the treatment and management of inflammation, fever and pain associated with disease or injury of domestic livestock and humans (Orinya et al, 2016). Pantoprazole are the drug whose main action is pronounced and long-lasting reduction of gastric acid production (Bigoniya et al, 2011).…”