Haematological and biochemical parameters and tissue accumulations of cadmium in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to various concentrations of cadmium chloride

Abstract

Oreochromis niloticus, weighing 36.45 ± 1.12 g were exposed to 10%, 20% and 30% of the LC50 of CdCl2 which represents treatments (T1)1.68, (T2)3.36 and (T3)5.03 mg/l, respectively, for a period of 10, 20 and 30 days. It was found that, compared to a control group reading of 0.19 ± 0.03 μg/g dry weight, accumulation of Cd in the gills was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in samples ranging between 7.64 ± 0.86 and 61.73 ± 0.82 μg/g dry weight from T1 at 10 days to T3 at 30 days. The accumulation of Cd in the liver, meanwhile, was also observed to significantly increase (p < 0.05) with increasing time and concentrations with results ranging between 3.21 ± 0.12 and 181.61 ± 1.32 compared to the control group results of 0.29 ± 0.04 μg/g dry weight. Although muscles exhibited lower levels of accumulation than the gills and liver they still showed the same pattern of increase compared to the control group, with a significant difference ranging between 0.32 ± 0.02 and 2.16 ± 0.08 compared to the control group results of 0.03 ± 0.001 μg/g dry weight. Also, haematological parameters such as red blood cells (RBCs), haemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (Hct) were reduced in fish exposed to Cd at all periods, with significant differences (p < 0.05). Plasma glucose concentration showed a significant increase. Total protein levels of fish showed a significant reduction (p > 0.05) for all exposed treatments. Also, the total lipid level increased significantly as fish were exposed to increasing cadmium concentrations, compared to control fish. Finally, the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST IU/l) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT IU/l) showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) with increasing time and concentrations.

Cadmium Toxicity-Induced Oxidative Stress and Genotoxic Effects on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) Fish: The Protective Role of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Seeds

“…Concerning Cd+FN exposed groups; protein level is higher than the FN groups without Cd exposure that may be returned to the toxic effect of Cd, redox reactions and antioxidant enzymes induction (Asagba et al, 2008). Concerning liver enzymes such as ALT and AST, they are considered important plasma indicators to examine the animal health (Mohiseni et al, 2016) and also used as stress indicators (Al-Asgah et al, 2015). In the present study, Cd-only exposure significantly increased ALT activity and decreased AST activity, compared with the control group.…”

“…Cadmium has been found to be accumulated in high concentrations in various organs such as intestine, kidney, liver, gills, muscles, and reproductive organs of Nile tilapia, O. niloticus (Otludİl et al, 2017). It causes biochemical, physiological, and oxidative stress alterations, anemia, serious histopathological changes and so on (Abdel-Tawwab and Wafeek, 2014;Al-Asgah et al, 2015;Abdel-Tawwab and Wafeek, 2017;Otludİl et al, 2017) and had carcinogenic and endocrine-damaging properties (Bobocea et al, 2008). Cadmium has also adverse effects on osmoregulation, survival, growth and reproduction (Kim et al, 2004;Szczerbik et al, 2006), damage fish health and aquatic ecosystems (Zhou et al, 2017).…”

Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Physiological Changes in Oreochromis Niloticus From Rosetta Branch of the River Nile

“…[15][16][17][18][19] Analysis of biochemical parameters could help to identify the target organs of toxicity as well as the general health status of animals and it may also provide an early warning signal in stressed organisms. [20][21][22][23] Our objective in this study was to assess the impact of some physico-chemical characteristics on O. niloticus physiology.…”

The effect of diets containing different levels of active charcoal on growth performance, body composition, haematological parameters and possibility of heavy metals detoxification in big sturgeon (Huso huso)

“…Moreover, several researches have shown increasing accumulation of heavy metals, particularly in the gills, liver and muscle of fish by rising concentrations of metals in the environment or fish diet (Al‐Asgah et al, ). In this study, maximum and minimum levels of cadmium, copper and lead were in the control group in both analysis stages observed in control group and 15 g/kg diet of activated charcoal respectively.…”