A study of χ b meson production at LHCb is performed on proton-proton collision data, corresponding to 3.0 fb −1 of integrated luminosity collected at centre-ofmass energies √ s = 7 and 8 TeV. The fraction of ϒ(nS) mesons originating from χ b decays is measured as a function of the ϒ transverse momentum in the rapidity range 2.0 < y ϒ < 4.5. The radiative transition of the χ b (3P) meson to ϒ(3S) is observed for the first time. The χ b1 (3P) mass is determined to be mχ b1 (3P) = 10 511.3 ± 1.7 ± 2.5 MeV/c 2 ,where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.
IntroductionThe production of quarkonia states in high-energy hadron collisions is described in the framework of non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics (NRQCD), as two-step process: a heavy quark-antiquark pair is first created perturbatively at short distances, then it evolves non-perturbatively into quarkonium at long distances. The NRQCD framework makes use of a combination of colour-singlet and colouroctet mechanisms [1][2][3][4][5]. Recent calculations [6][7][8][9][10] support the leading role of the colour-singlet mechanism. The comparison of experimental data for prompt production of Swave quarkonia, e.g. J/ ψ or ϒ(1S) mesons, with theory predictions requires knowledge of feed-down contributions from P-wave quarkonia states, e.g. radiative χ b → ϒ γ decays. This contribution could significantly influence the interpretation of the measured polarization of S-wave vector quarkonia. In addition, measurements of the relative production rates of P-wave to S-wave quarkonia, as well as the tensor-to-vector ratios, provide valuable information on colour-octet matrix elements [10][11][12].The production of P-wave charmonia, jointly referred to as χ c states, has been studied by the CDF [13] [23,24] experiments.This paper presents a measurement of the fractions of ϒ mesons originating from radiative decays of χ b mesons. Depending on the relative orientation of the quark spins, the χ b states can be either scalar, vector or tensor mesons, denoted by χ bJ with total angular momentum J = 0, 1, 2. The fractions of ϒ(nS) decays originating from χ b (mP) decays, where n and m are radial quantum numbers of the bound states are defined aswhere B 1(2) denotes the branching fraction for the decay χ b1(2) (mP) →ϒ(nS) γ . Possible contributions from χ b0 (mP) → ϒ(nS) γ decays are neglected because of the small branching fraction for the corresponding radiative decays [25]. The results presented in this paper supersede earlier LHCb measurements [23,24]. In particular, the full data sample collected by LHCb at √ s = 7 and 8 TeV has been used and the measured fractions R χ b (mP) ϒ(nS) are reported for all six kinematically allowed transitions:of transverse momentum of the ϒ mesons in the rapidity range 2.0 < y < 4.5. The last transition, which is usually not considered in theory predictions, is observed for the first time. A precise measurement of the mass of the χ b1 (3P) meson, which was recently observed by the ATLAS [21], D0 [26] and L...