HADRIAN: a virtual approach to design for all

Marshall, Russell; Case, Keith; Porter, J. Mark; Summerskill, Steve; Gyi, Diane E.; Davis, Peter; Sims, Ruth

doi:10.1080/09544820903317019

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Requirements Investigation and Analysis) (Marshall et al, 2010). However, one serious weakness with these capability datasets is that they fail to consider older adults' capabilities in real world day to day environmental conditions where products are used; see for example Gyi et al, 2004 andGrundy et al, 1999. There are a number of studies which specifically report decrements in capability as a result of everyday environmental conditions.…”

Section: And Hadrian (Human Anthropometric Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting the development of inclusive products: the effects of everyday ambient illumination levels and contrast on older adults' near visual acuity

2013

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Current older adult capability datasets fail to account for the effects of everyday environmental conditions on capability. This paper details a study which investigates the effects of everyday ambient illumination conditions (overcast, 6000 lx; In-house lighting, 150 lx; and street lighting, 7.5 lx) and contrast (90%, 70%, 50% and 30% contrast) on the near visual acuity of older adults (n=38, 65-87 years). Visual acuity was measured at a one metre viewing distance using LogMAR acuity charts. Results from the study showed that for all contrast levels tested, visual acuity decreased by 0.2 log units between the overcast and street lighting conditions. On average, participants could detect detail around 1.6 times smaller on the LogMAR charts when under overcast conditions compared to street lighting. Visual acuity also significantly decreased when contrast was reduced from 70% to 50%, and from 50% to 30% in each of the ambient illumination conditions. Practitioner summary: This paper presents an experimental study which investigates the impact of everyday ambient illumination levels and contrast on older adults' visual acuity. Results show both factors have a significant effect on their visual acuity. Findings suggest that environmental conditions need to be accounted for in older adult capability datasets/design.

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Section: And Hadrian (Human Anthropometric Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting the development of inclusive products: the effects of everyday ambient illumination levels and contrast on older adults' near visual acuity

2013

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“…This process began with a stakeholder review of requirements (Gyi, Porter, & Case, 2000;Oliver, Gyi, Porter, Marshall, & Case, 2001), followed by a pilot study exploring data collection methods (Marshall, Case, Oliver, Gyi, & Porter, 2002), and then progressed into the structural development of a software task analysis tool and the creation of a user database through the collection of a wealth of data on 102 individuals, the majority of whom are older and/or disabled (Marshall, Case, Porter, Sims, & Gyi, 2004;Porter et al, 2004). The resulting prototype tool (Marshall et al, 2010) addressed two main concerns: 1. the applicability of the data used to inform designers and simulation tools in inclusive design practice, notably data on human variability, joint range of motion, behaviour and coping strategies; and 2. a means of accessing simulation functionality that is more attuned to the working methods of designers. Figure 1 shows a prototype of the database of individuals.…”

Section: Hadrianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting a Design Driven Approach to Social Inclusion and Accessibility in Transport

Marshall

Summerskill

Case

et al. 2016

Self Cite

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This paper presents research into the area of public transport and accessibility, addressing the support of practitioners in achieving socially inclusive solutions to the mobility issues of diverse populations. For decades, social policy has been underpinned by a stereotyping of populations into simplified sub groups: old, young, disabled, etc. and thus solutions often fail to properly address the richness of human variability. These shortcomings are often 'managed' through the ability for people to adapt, however, this is not a sustainable way in which to build a socially inclusive transport infrastructure. A software design tool called HADRIAN is presented. This tool provides a means to evaluate designs for their physical inclusiveness through the use of a virtual user group. This virtual user group is the embodiment of over 100 people that can be used to assess an existing or proposed design and to gain an understanding of what may be done to improve its accommodation. A case study exploring the use of the tool is described together with work in exploring the correlation of the individuals within the HADRIAN system with data on the UK population as a whole and how the inclusion or exclusion of individuals with specific characteristics can be used to inform a more representative view of the inclusiveness of a design.

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“…Consequently, design strategies can be defined to determine proper product size. The first strategy is a design for collective fit or design for the average (22), or a design for all, where a single solution is adapted such that it is usable for the whole population (23). The second strategy is a design for fit within cluster strategy that is derived from achieving fit by considering percentiles (1) and overlaps of percentiles.…”

Section: Linking Body Sizes To Product Sizesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new data structure and workflow for using 3D anthropometry in the design of wearable products

Verwulgen

Lacko

Vleugels

et al. 2018

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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Abstract.The human body is a complex biomechanical system that exhibits many variations. Wearable products should be both functional and comfortable. They require a close and accurate fit to the body of the end-user. Current approaches to design body near products rely on 1D anthropometry and unrealistic manikins, e.g. constructed from simple surfaces such as spheres and cylinders connected by splines. With the uprising of 3D scanning, a myriad of accurate 3D body models becomes available. In this paper we present a framework to use this 3D shape information in the development of wearable products. The key concept that we introduce to achieve this extension, is an enriched shape model: a statistical shape model of the human body that also contains all 1D anthropometric data in it. With enriched shape models, a 3D shape can be parameterized with a given set of anthropometric features. Thus the dense geometric information of an individual's shape can be obtained simply by tuning that individual's anthropometric values. By designing on the generated 3D surface, a product can be obtained that closely fits the individual's shape. We thus extend the method of linking 1D anthropometric data with the dimensions of a product. This results in three design strategies that link both body shape with product geometry: design for collective fit, design for fit within clusters and design for individual fit. Each strategy is explained and studied with the design of wearable EEG headsets that fits the human head. KeywordsMass-customization, EEG headsets, CAD, parameterized design, 3D anthropometry, statistical shape models Relevance to Design PracticeWe present a workflow to use accurate 3D shape models of the human body in the design of products that should closely fit the end-user. To that end, we introduce enriched shape models: a new data structure that contains all dense geometric shape information together with classical anthropometric data. We illustrate how enriched shape models can be used to achieve products with personalized fit, as an extension to the use of univariate anthropometric data. The use of enriched shape models for personalized design could become an important driver for mass customization. To that end, tools and techniques should be developed to incorporate the presented workflow in CAD/CAM.

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HADRIAN: a virtual approach to design for all

Cited by 36 publications

References 16 publications

Supporting the development of inclusive products: the effects of everyday ambient illumination levels and contrast on older adults' near visual acuity

Supporting the development of inclusive products: the effects of everyday ambient illumination levels and contrast on older adults' near visual acuity

Supporting a Design Driven Approach to Social Inclusion and Accessibility in Transport

A new data structure and workflow for using 3D anthropometry in the design of wearable products

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