Habituation of the Auditory Startle Response in Cervical Dystonia and Parkinson’s Disease

Putzki, Norman; Graf, Karoline; Stude, Philipp; Diener, Hans‐Christoph; Maschke, Matthias

doi:10.1159/000114038

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Table 1 shows demographic characteristics of all participants and disease status of the patients with PD. The numbers of patients and control participants are comparable with previous studies in the same topic (Putzki, Graf, Stude, Diener, & Maschke, 2008; Nieuwenhuijzen et al, 2006).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 82%

Startle Habituation and Midfrontal Theta Activity in Parkinson Disease

Chen

Okerstrom

Kingyon

et al. 2016

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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The ability to adapt to aversive stimuli is critical for mental health. Here, we investigate the relationship between habituation to startling stimuli and startle-related activity in medial frontal cortex as measured by EEG in both healthy control participants and patients with Parkinson disease (PD). We report three findings. First, patients with PD exhibited normal initial startle responses but reduced startle habituation relative to demographically matched controls. Second, control participants had midfrontal EEG theta activity in response to startling stimuli, and this activity was attenuated in patients with PD. Finally, startle-related midfrontal theta activity was correlated with the rate of startle habituation. These data indicate that impaired startle habituation in PD is a result of attenuated midfrontal cognitive control signals. Our findings could provide insight into the frontal regulation of startle habituation.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 82%

Startle Habituation and Midfrontal Theta Activity in Parkinson Disease

Chen

Okerstrom

Kingyon

et al. 2016

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…These findings suggest that hearing loss in PD is, at least partly, independent of presbycusis. There are multiple studies in PD that show the increase of audiometric hearing thresholds (after adjustment for the effect of ARHL), 17,18,22,40,41 abnormality of acoustic startle reflex (ASR), 19,20,42 and prolongation of auditory reaction time [43][44][45] as various indications of impairment in the peripheral auditory system (PAS; i.e., the cochlea and auditory nerve). There are also several psychoacoustic studies in PD that account for disorders of auditory temporal processing, 33,43,[46][47][48][49] which are ameliorated with dopaminergic treatment 33 or DBS of the STN.…”

Section: Peripheral Auditory Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15 In recent decades, there is also extensive evidence that supports a general dysfunction of the auditory system in PD. Studies indicate a broad spectrum of auditory impairments in PD, ranging from peripheral hearing impairments at the cochlear level [16][17][18] through the low 19,20 and high auditory brainstem (BS) [21][22][23][24][25][26] to cortical auditory areas. 11,[27][28][29][30][31] A few studies also demonstrate improvement in auditory behavioral findings 32,33 or electrophysiological results 18,[34][35][36] following dopaminergic therapy, which implicates similarities in neurotransmitters of the auditory system and basal ganglia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease

2020

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A BS TRACT: PD is a progressive and complex neurological disorder with heterogeneous symptomatology. PD is characterized by classical motor features of parkinsonism and nonmotor symptoms and involves extensive regions of the nervous system, various neurotransmitters, and protein aggregates. Extensive evidence supports auditory dysfunction as an additional nonmotor feature of PD. Studies indicate a broad range of auditory impairments in PD, from the peripheral hearing system to the auditory brainstem and cortical areas. For instance, research demonstrates a higher occurrence of hearing loss in early-onset PD and evidence of abnormal auditory evoked potentials, event-related potentials, and habituation to novel stimuli. Electrophysiological data, such as auditory P3a, also is suggested as a sensitive measure of illness duration and severity. Improvement in auditory responses following dopaminergic therapies also indicates the presence of similar neurotransmitters (i.e., glutamate and dopamine) in the auditory system and basal ganglia. Nonetheless, hearing impairments in PD have received little attention in clinical practice so far. This review summarizes evidence of peripheral and central auditory impairments in PD and provides conclusions and directions for future empirical and clinical research.Among neurological disorders, which are the leading cause of disability in the world, Parkinson's disease (PD) shows the highest growth in prevalence, rate of deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years between 1990 and 2015, and it is estimated to double over the next 20 years. 1 The etiology of PD is often unknown and mostly occurs in sporadic form, possibly arising from the association of genetic and environmental risk factors. 2,3 As a progressive disease, PD is characterized by early major death of dopaminergic neurons in the SNpc within the basal ganglia that leads to classical parkinsonian and secondary motor symptoms. 2,4 PD pathology involves extensive regions of the nervous system, various neurotransmitters (e.g., dopaminergic and nondopaminergic neurotransmitters), and protein aggregations other than just Lewy bodies or Lewy neurites (i.e., abnormal aggregation of insoluble α-synuclein protein [SNCA]) 2 that account for a wide range of clinical symptoms and signs observed in PD. 5 Thus, multiple nonmotor symptoms (NMSs) develop throughout the PD progress, some of which precede the motor dysfunction by more than a decade. 2 For instance, fatigue, neuropsychiatric symptoms, autonomic dysfunction, gastrointestinal symptoms, sensory deficits (e.g., visual impairments, 6 olfactory dysfunction, 7 taste disorders, 8 somatosensory abnormalities, 9 and auditory disorders 10,11 ), and sleep problems are within common NMSs in early PD. 2,3 Among sensory dysfunctions as NMSs of PD, somatic sensations, such as pain and paraesthesias, have received ---

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“…Stronger reaction could be provoked by using higher intensity signals, exceeding 106 dB. Such sound profiles were used in other studies [ 26 – 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Startle Response and Its Prepulse Inhibition Using Posturography: Pilot Study

Polechoński

Juras

Słomka

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

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Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using static posturography in the assessment of sensorimotor gating. Subjects and Methods. Fourteen subjects took part in the experiment. The inhibitory mechanisms of startle reflex were used as the measure of sensorimotor gating. It was evoked by a strong acoustic stimulus (106 dB SPL, 40 ms) which was preceded by the weaker similar signal (80 dB SPL, 20 ms). A stabilographic platform was used to measure sensorimotor gating. Results. Results of static posturography show that the postural sway caused by the reaction to a strong acoustic stimulus is significantly smaller when this stimulus is preceded by the signal of lower intensity (prepulse). Such assessment is only possible in eyes open conditions. Conclusions. Static posturography can be simple and effective method used for diagnosis of sensorimotor gating in humans.

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Habituation of the Auditory Startle Response in Cervical Dystonia and Parkinson’s Disease

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Startle Habituation and Midfrontal Theta Activity in Parkinson Disease

Startle Habituation and Midfrontal Theta Activity in Parkinson Disease

Auditory Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease

Assessment of Startle Response and Its Prepulse Inhibition Using Posturography: Pilot Study

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