Habituation and associative learning during exploratory behavior of the crab Chasmagnathus

Dimant, Beatriz; Maldonado, Héctor

doi:10.1007/bf00198986

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Pachygrapsus crassipes and with results obtained in experiments performed in our laboratory (B. Dimant, personal communication) using Chasmagnathus in a choice-chamber device (Dimant and Maldonado 1992), where older crabs placed in one compartment showed exceedingly long latencies to enter the other one, If this ontogenetic change is understood as a tendency to spend longer periods of time in burrows or crevices, a longlasting habituation to a passing object appears to be no longer a feature of high adaptive value.…”

Section: A Vertical Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 57%

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Habituation to a danger stimulus in two semiterrestrial crabs: ontogenic, ecological and opioid modulation correlates

1993

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Abstract. Previous research on the habituation of the crab Chasmagnathus granulatus to an iterated visual danger stimulus disclosed two remarkable features of this mnemonic process: a) the ready acquisition and long-lasting nature of the habituated response, and b) the likely endogenous opioid modulation of the shortterm habituation, whose potential adaptive value was studied here. Both the habituation ability and the opioid modulation of such ability were analysed in Chasmagnathus granulatus and Pachygrapsus marmoratus, two closely related grapsid species that diverge widely in ecology. Results indicate that Chasmagnathus has a much greater capacity to habituate than Pachygrapsus, showing a more pronounced short-term habituation which seems to some extent mediated by an endogenous opioid mechanism, and a faster acquisition of a greater longterm habituation partially mediated by memorial representation of the contextual cues. A correlation between these differences and those related with the ecological pressure was discussed. The capacity of acquiring longterm habituation in crabs of the same species but different age was also assessed, showing that old animals clearly exhibit lower retention of the habituated response than young crabs. The possible correlation between this age-dependent change and an ontogenetic shift of habitat was discussed.

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Section: A Vertical Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…1989;Romano etal. 1990;FernandezDuque et al 1992;Dimant and Maldonado 1992;Hermitte and Maldonado 1992 ).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Habituation to a danger stimulus in two semiterrestrial crabs: ontogenic, ecological and opioid modulation correlates

1993

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“…Chasmagnathus proves to have a robust long-term appetitive memory (Dimant and Maldonado 1992) though, present results show that this memory declines with age, in spite of the fact that the feeding tendency seems not to bc altered by aging (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…Both trained and control crabs underwent the testing session that consisted of 2 trials, in all other aspects it was equal to the training one though without reward. This experimental design involves two different learning processes: an exploratory habituation in the control group and an associative learning in the experimental group (Dimant and Maldonado 1992). To acquire the habituated response, controls need to explore the target compartment LC, which is carried out mainly during the first two training trials.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brunner and Maldonado 1988;Lozada et al 1990) and another one on an appetitively motivated learning (Dimant and Maldonado 1992). Ongoing research on the long-term habituation, aimed at analyzing mechanistic and theoretical aspects, includes studies on its specificity, showing that the habituation is stimulus, frequency and context specific Rakitin et al 1991;Lozada 1993;Tomsic et al 1993); on its adaptive value (Tomsic et al 1993); on its relationship with a circadian cycle (Pereyra et al 1995); on the role of protein synthesis in memory consolidation ; and on the probable role that several neurotransmitters or neuromodulators play in the acquisition and/or retention of the learned response Valeggia et al 1989;Tomsic and Maldonado 1990;Romano et al , 1991Romano et al , 1995Tomsic et al 1991Tomsic et al , 1993Godoy and Maldonado 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-related deficits of long-term memory in the crab Chasmagnathus

1996

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Short-and long-term memory in adult crabsChasmagnathus 9ranulatus of different age are evaluated in two learning paradigms: habituation to a visual danger stimulus and appetitive conditioning. No difference between young, middle-aged and aged animals is found in short-term habituation with 15 training trials. A good level of retention of the habituated response at 24 h is exhibited by young and middle-aged crabs but a poor one by aged crabs. When the training-to-testing interval is lengthened to 48 h or the training session reduced to 7 trials, young and middle-aged crabs continue to show long-term habituation but aged individuals exhibit no retention at all. As regards appetitive conditioning, young, middle-aged and aged crabs present similar short-term memory with 5 training trials and similar long-term memory when tested at 24 h, but an age-related deficit in long-term retention is exhibited when the intersession interval is lengthened to 48 h or the training reduced to 3 trials. Thus, a reduction of long-term memory related to age is demonstrated in the crab Chasmagnathus. Since it is shown in two different learning paradigms, the possibility of explaining the deficit in terms of a failure in memory mechanisms due to aging rather than as a consequence of ontogenetic shift in the crab's behavior is discussed.

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Invertebrate learning and cognition: relating phenomena to neural substrate

Perry

Barron

Chen

2013

WIRES Cognitive Science

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Diverse invertebrate species have been used for studies of learning and comparative cognition. Although we have gained invaluable information from this, in this study we argue that our approach to comparative learning research is rather deficient. Generally invertebrate learning research has focused mainly on arthropods, and most of that within the Hymenoptera and Diptera. Any true comparative analysis of the distribution of comparative cognitive abilities across phyla is hampered by this bias, and more fundamentally by a reporting bias toward positive results. To understand the limits of learning and cognition for a species, knowing what animals cannot do is at least as important as reporting what they can. Finally, much more effort needs to be focused on the neurobiological analysis of different types of learning to truly understand the differences and similarities of learning types. In this review, we first give a brief overview of the various forms of learning in invertebrates. We also suggest areas where further study is needed for a more comparative understanding of learning. Finally, using what is known of learning in honeybees and the well-studied honeybee brain, we present a model of how various complex forms of learning may be accounted for with the same neural circuitry required for so-called simple learning types. At the neurobiological level, different learning phenomena are unlikely to be independent, and without considering this it is very difficult to correctly interpret the phylogenetic distribution of learning and cognitive abilities. WIREs Cogn Sci 2013, 4:561-582. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1248 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.

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Habituation and associative learning during exploratory behavior of the crab Chasmagnathus

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Habituation to a danger stimulus in two semiterrestrial crabs: ontogenic, ecological and opioid modulation correlates

Habituation to a danger stimulus in two semiterrestrial crabs: ontogenic, ecological and opioid modulation correlates

Age-related deficits of long-term memory in the crab Chasmagnathus

Invertebrate learning and cognition: relating phenomena to neural substrate

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