Habituation: A history

Thompson, Richard F.

doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2008.07.011

Cited by 364 publications

(308 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…From a psychometric point of view, one would expect more trials to be associated with enhanced reliability (Kleinberg & Verschuere, 2015). At the same time, more trials may lead to adaptation or habituation (Thompson, 2009) and may provide participants with more opportunities to practice their responses (De Paulo et al, 2003;Walczyk et al, 2014) or even to exert countermeasures (i.e., strategies that participants use to appear truthful; see e.g., Ben Shakhar, 2011). Previous findings regarding the effect of practice on the RT deception effect are inconclusive (Johnson, Barnhardt, & Zhu, 2005;Vendemia, Buzan, & Green, 2005 (Ben-Shakhar, 1977;Ben-Shakhar, Lieblich, & Kugelmass, 1982;Hu, Hegeman, Landry, & Rosenfeld, 2012;Lieblich, Kugelmass, & Ben-Shakhar, 1970).…”

Section: Moderator Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lying takes time: A meta-analysis on reaction time measures of deception.

Suchotzki¹,

Verschuere²,

Bockstaele³

et al. 2017

Psychological Bulletin

206

210

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Lie detection techniques are frequently used, but most of them have been criticized for the lack of empirical support for their predictive validity and presumed underlying mechanisms. This situation has led to increased efforts to unravel the cognitive mechanisms underlying deception and to develop a comprehensive theory of deception. A cognitive approach to deception has reinvigorated interest in reaction time (RT) measures to differentiate lies from truths and to investigate whether lying is more cognitively demanding than truth telling. Here, we provide the results of a meta-analysis of 114 studies (n = 3307) using computerized RT paradigms to assess the cognitive cost of lying. Results revealed a large standardized RT difference, even after correction for publication bias (d = 1.049; 95% CI [0.930; 1.169]), with a large heterogeneity amongst effect sizes. Moderator analyses revealed that the RT deception effect was smaller, yet still large, in studies in which participants received instructions to avoid detection. The autobiographical Implicit Association Test produced smaller effects than the Concealed Information Test, the Sheffield Lie Test, and the Differentiation of Deception paradigm. An additional meta-analysis (17 studies, n = 348) showed that, like other deception measures, RT deception measures are susceptible to countermeasures. Whereas our meta-analysis corroborates current cognitive approaches to deception, the observed heterogeneity calls for further research on the boundary conditions of the cognitive cost of deception. RT-based measures of deception may have potential in applied settings, but countermeasures remain an important challenge. LYING TAKES TIME 3

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Section: Moderator Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lying takes time: A meta-analysis on reaction time measures of deception.

Suchotzki¹,

Verschuere²,

Bockstaele³

et al. 2017

Psychological Bulletin

206

210

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Thus, habituation is a learning process that allows the animal to ignore irrelevant stimuli and focus on novel important stimuli. Habituation is considered the most basic form of learning that exists in all animals and all senses (Thompson, 2009). Despite its importance, many gaps remain in our understanding of the neural mechanisms of habituation (Rankin et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus-Specific Adaptation: Can It Be a Neural Correlate of Behavioral Habituation?

Netser¹,

Zahar²,

Gutfreund³

2011

J. Neurosci.

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Habituation is the most basic form of learning, yet many gaps remain in our understanding of its underlying neural mechanisms. We demonstrate that in the owl's optic tectum (OT), a single, low-level, relatively short auditory stimulus is sufficient to induce a significant reduction in the neural response to a stimulus presented up to 60 s later. This type of neural adaptation was absent in neurons from the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus and from the auditory thalamus; however, it was apparent in the OT and the forebrain entopallium. By presenting sequences that alternate between two different auditory stimuli, we show that this long-lasting adaptation is stimulus specific. The response to an odd stimulus in the sequence was not smaller than the response to the same stimulus when it was first in the sequence. Finally, we measured the habituation of reflexive eye movements and show that the behavioral habituation is correlated with the neural adaptation. The finding of a long-lasting specific adaptation in areas related to the gaze control system and not elsewhere suggests its involvement in habituation processes and opens new directions for research on mechanisms of habituation.

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“…We have a remarkable capability of ignoring or habituating to the background noise, a trait that allows us to rapidly identify and respond to stimuli that break the regularity of the background (Thompson 2009). Note that such events need not necessarily be louder or brighter than the background; they must be different, or, in other words, unexpected.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus-specific adaptation, habituation and change detection in the gaze control system

Gutfreund¹

2012

Biol Cybern

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This prospect article addresses the neurobiology of detecting and responding to changes or unexpected events. Change detection is an ongoing computational task performed by the brain as part of the broader process of saliency mapping and selection of the next target for attention. In the optic tectum (OT) of the barn owl, the probability of the stimulus has a dramatic influence on the neural response to that stimulus; rare or deviant stimuli induce stronger responses compared to common stimuli. This phenomenon, known as stimulus-specific adaptation, has recently attracted scientific interest because of its possible role in change detection. In the barn owl's OT, it may underlie the ability to orient specifically to unexpected events and is therefore opening new directions for research on the neurobiology of fundamental psychological phenomena such as habituation, attention, and surprise.

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Habituation: A history

Cited by 364 publications

References 49 publications

Lying takes time: A meta-analysis on reaction time measures of deception.

Lying takes time: A meta-analysis on reaction time measures of deception.

Stimulus-Specific Adaptation: Can It Be a Neural Correlate of Behavioral Habituation?

Stimulus-specific adaptation, habituation and change detection in the gaze control system

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