Habitual total water intake and dimensions of mood in healthy young women

Abstract

Acute negative and positive mood states have been linked with the development of undesirable and desirable health outcomes, respectively. Numerous factors acutely influence mood state, including exercise, caffeine ingestion, and macronutrient intake, but the influence of habitual total water intake remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to observe relationships between habitual water intake and mood. One hundred twenty healthy females (mean ± SD; age = 20 ± 2 y, BMI = 22.9 ± 3.5 kg⋅m(-2) ) recorded all food and fluids consumed for 5 consecutive days. Investigators utilized dietary analysis software to determine Total Water Intake (TWI; total water content in foods and fluids), caffeine, and macronutrient consumption (i.e. protein, carbohydrate, fat). On days 3 and 4, participants completed the Profile of Mood State (POMS) questionnaire, which examined tension, depression, anger, vigor, and confusion, plus an aggregate measure of Total Mood Disturbance (TMD). For comparison of mood, data were separated into three even groups (n = 40 each) based on TWI: low (LOW; 1.51 ± 0.27 L/d), moderate (MOD; 2.25 ± 0.19 L/d), and high (HIGH; 3.13 ± 0.54 L/d). Regression analysis was performed to determine continuous relationships between measured variables. Group differences (p < 0.05) were observed for tension (MOD = 7.2 ± 5.4, HIGH = 4.4 ± 2.9), depression (LOW = 4.5 ± 5.9, HIGH = 1.7 ± 2.3), confusion (MOD = 5.9 ± 3.4, HIGH = 4.0 ± 2.1), and TMD (LOW=19.0 ± 21.8, HIGH=8.2 ± 14.2). After accounting for other mood influencers, TWI predicted TMD (r(2) = 0.104; p = 0.050). The above relationships suggest the amount of water a woman consumes is associated with mood state.

Hydration in Children: What Do We Know and Why Does it Matter?

“…However, the association between early childhood and later life intake has never been demonstrated for drinking water, due to the scarcity of longitudinal studies assessing water intake. But if indeed drinking habits (i.e., plain water intake in particular) were sustained throughout life, children who drink little water would become adults who drink little water with potential consequences for kidney [10] and metabolic health [11,12] as well as cognitive and mood impairments [13,14]. During early childhood, the acquisition of eating and drinking behavior is mainly driven by adults since children depend upon them for the provision of food and beverages, and adults serve as role models which children copy and acquire habits from.…”

Emotional Support, Depressive Symptoms, and Age-Related Alterations in Male Body Composition: Cross-Sectional Findings from the Men's Health 40+ Study

“…In line with our findings, a previous study reported higher amounts of ECW in relation to intracellular water in people with spinal cord injury, and a relation between muscle mass decrease and relative expansion of ECW (Tanaka et al, 2008). Another study reported total water intake in young healthy women to predict mood disturbances (Muñoz et al, 2015). Furthermore, the discrimination between TBW, ECW, and WB sheds light on the complex relationship of the body water-related parameters, the psychosocial parameters and aging.…”

Afternoon urine osmolality is equivalent to 24 h for hydration assessment in healthy children

“…Water is a solvent for protein synthesis [4], and it helps the hydrolytic reactions for macronutrients [5], waste elimination [6], and thermoregulation [7,8]. Low water intake and underhydration are associated with various health issues such as increased risk of kidney disease [9,10], diabetes [11], obesity [12], and impaired cognitive function [13][14][15][16]. Children may be more susceptible to the adverse effects of underhydration [17] and may be at greater risk.…”