Habitual exercise decreases plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity in middle-aged and older women

Abstract

The aim of present study was to investigate the association between plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity, which has gained attention as a novel preventive target of cardiovascular disease, and various physiological parameters and was to determine the effects of habitual exercise on plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity in middle-aged and older women. In the cross-sectional study, we investigated the association between plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity and various physiological parameters in 94 middle-aged and older women. In the interventional study, subjects (n = 22) were divided into two groups: exercise (n = 12) or the control group (n = 10), whereby we examined the effect of 12-week aerobic exercise training on plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity in middle-aged and older women. The cross-sectional study demonstrated that plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity was significantly associated with various physiological parameters, including visceral fat and daily step counts. In the interventional study, the plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity significantly decreased after the 12-week aerobic exercise training, its changes were inversely associated with the changes in daily step counts. Our results revealed that the plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity was associated with visceral fat accumulation and lack of exercise, and it was decreased by the aerobic exercise training.

Associations of circulating xanthine oxidoreductase activity with cardiometabolic risk markers in overweight and obese Japanese men: a cross-sectional pilot study

“…(19) Our previous study also demonstrated that plasma XOR activity was significantly correlated with BMI, visceral fat area, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and daily step counts in middle-aged and older women. (25) In addition to these findings, the present observations confirmed that plasma XOR activity was significantly correlated with handgrip strength, serum 8-OHdG, and the clustered CMR score in overweight and obese men. To the best of our knowledge, this pilot study provides one of the first pieces of evidence that plasma XOR activity can be associated with muscular strength, oxidative stress, and clustered CMR in overweight/obesity.…”

“…Previous studies have reported that plasma XOR activity assessed using the same assay in our study was correlated with BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, smoking, alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, hemoglobin A1c, fasting glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR, and several adipokines in the Japanese general population.‍ ( 21 , 22 ) Similarly, another previous study in a small number of young adults showed that plasma XOR activity was positively correlated with BMI, uric acid, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and negatively correlated with the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and adiponectin.‍ ( 19 ) Our previous study also demonstrated that plasma XOR activity was significantly correlated with BMI, visceral fat area, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and daily step counts in middle-aged and older women.‍ ( 25 ) In addition to these findings, the present observations confirmed that plasma XOR activity was significantly correlated with handgrip strength, serum 8-OHdG, and the clustered CMR score in overweight and obese men. To the best of our knowledge, this pilot study provides one of the first pieces of evidence that plasma XOR activity can be associated with muscular strength, oxidative stress, and clustered CMR in overweight/obesity.…”

“…Our previous study reported that the plasma XOR activity was inversely associated with daily step counts and decreased by 12-week exercise training in middle-aged and older women ‍ ( 25 ) . Moreover, the present study showed that handgrip strength (i.e., muscular strength) was inversely associated with the plasma XOR activity in overweight and obese men.…”

Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitor Use Associated With Reduced Risk of Sarcopenia and Severe Sarcopenia in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

“…First is the cross-sectional design, thus even though relationships were explored in predictive terms, the results cannot be interpreted to show causal relationships. Second, while physical activity has been shown to influence XOR activity ( 51 – 53 ), no survey of physical activity was conducted in the present study. Furthermore, we were unable to fully investigate the association of dosage, duration, or indication of XOR inhibitor administration with sarcopenia.…”

Annual change in plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity is associated with changes in liver enzymes and body weight

“…Using this method, we and others have recently demonstrated that plasma XOR activity is a new biomarker of metabolic disorders associated with obesity, insulin resistance, liver dysfunction, hyperuricemia and adipokines [6][7][8][9]. In addition, it has been reported that habitual exercise can decrease plasma XOR activity [10]. However, little is known about predictors for change in plasma XOR activity in a longitudinal course.…”