Habitat Use and Home Range of Mallards Breeding in Minnesota

Gilmer, David S.; Ball, I. J.; Cowardin, Lewis M.; Riechmann, John H.; Tester, John R.

doi:10.2307/3800242

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Other duck species were less affected by wetland-impoundment distances up to 3.3 kin, which is in agreement with findings by Evans and Black (1956). Our results agree with recommendations by Hammond and Lacy (1959) and Linde (1969) that constructed wetlands be spaced no closer than 60 m. Isolated wetlands received greater mallard and northern shoveler use, presumably because of the large home ranges used by these species (Lokemoen 1973, Poston 1974, Gilmer et al 1975. Areas with the highest mallard and northern shoveler use had widely spaced wetlands, and areas of low use had wetlands that were usually spaced less than 60 m apart.…”

Section: Management Recommendationssupporting

confidence: 82%

Factors affecting waterfowl use of constructed wetlands in northwestern Minnesota

1992

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Waterfowl pair and brood use of constructed wetlands was evaluated during ! 980-81 on 4 Wildlife Management Areas in northwestern Minnesota. Weekly ground counts of waterfowl were made at each of 109 wetlands during the April to mid-July nesting season and correlated with physical, vegetative, and limnological characteristics. The number of pairs of the 10 most common waterfowl species using the wetlands was 338 in 1980 and 239 in 1981, of which blue-winged teal (Anas discors) made up nearly half. Ducks used the constructed wetlands primarily during late May and early June. Eighteen habitat components were significantly correlated with pair numbers of 1 or more duck species. Wetlands with larger surface area and longer shoreline length had greater pair use by every duck species except gadwall (Arias strepera). Olher physical parameters correlated with duck use included distance to nearby large impoundments, wetland density, and distance to nearest constructed wetland.

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Section: Management Recommendationssupporting

confidence: 82%

Factors affecting waterfowl use of constructed wetlands in northwestern Minnesota

1992

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“…Nest density of mallards may be extremely high on islands (a density of 389 nests/ha has been observed; Lokemoen et al 1984) but in mainland habitats like those studied by us nests are usually wellspaced, their density being approximated by the density of breeding pairs. For example, Gilmer et al (1975) found that the home range of laying females was, on average, 70 ha in a forested habitat. It has been suggested that attraction among nesting females is one reason for dense nesting on islands (see Kaminski and Weller 1992, p. 578).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat selection rules in breeding mallards ( Anas platyrhynchos ): a test of two competing hypotheses

Pöysä¹,

Elmberg

Sjöberg

et al. 1998

Oecologia

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Ideal preemption and conspecific attraction are alternative hypotheses of the habitat selection rules used by individuals. According to the former an occupied site is assumed to be preempted and therefore not available for later arriving individuals, whereas according to the latter individuals are assumed to be attracted by conspecifics to occupied sites, rather than avoiding them. We studied these competing hypotheses in breeding mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) by a cross-over experiment in 2 years, introducing birds onto lakes before migratory wild mallards arrived. If mallards use the ideal preemptive rule, breeding density of wild mallards in experimental lakes should be lower and they should be occupied less frequently than control lakes, but if mallards use the conspecific attraction rule the reverse should be true. Our results allowed us to reject the ideal preemptive rule whereas the conspecific attraction rule was to some extent supported. We discuss these findings in relation to population limitation. The results suggest that the local breeding population studied is not limited by spacing behaviour related to habitat selection.

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“…The procedure described above is illustrated by some habitat usage and availability data collected by Gilmer et al (1975). Data for 2 of their 24 radio-marked adult Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) are displayed in Table 2 It is apparent ( Table 2) that the availability of open water far surpasses its usage.…”

Section: Application To Real Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, usage of the other classes tends to exceed availability, which would suggest, if caveats about absolute statements were disregarded, that most of the other wetland classes were "preferred," whereas open water was avoided. In fact, in their original analysis, Gilmer et al (1975) excluded most of the available open water from consideration. It is readily seen that the question of inclusion/exclusion is germane in this application.…”

Section: Application To Real Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the extent that the decision is arbitrary, so will be the conclusions drawn from the analysis. This inconsistency can result from the use of any of the standard methods, e.g., the forage ratio (Williams andMarshall 1938, Hess andRainwater 1939), its modifications (Jacobs 1974, Chesson 1978, the index of electivity (lvlev 1961), the difference (Swanson et al 1974, Gilmer et al 1975, or contingency tables (Hanson andLabisky 1964, Buchler 1976). Some authors have recognized the difficulty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Comparison of Usage and Availability Measurements for Evaluating Resource Preference

Johnson¹

1980

Ecology

3,486

3,179

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Abst~act.Modem ~col.o_gical research often involves the comparison of the usage of habitat types or food Items to the availability of those resources to the animal. Widely used methods of determining preference from measureme~ts of usage and availability depend critically on the array of components that the researcher, often with a degree of arbitrariness, deems available to the animal. This paper proposes a new _metho~, base? on ranks of components by usage and by availability. A virtue of the rank procedure IS that .'t pro.vides co?II?arable results whether a questionable component is included or excluded from consideration. Statistical tests of significance are given for the method. . Th~ pape~ also offers a hierarchical ordering of selection processes. This hierarchy resolves certain mconsistencies among studies of selection and is compatible with the analytic technique offered in the paper.

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Habitat Use and Home Range of Mallards Breeding in Minnesota

Cited by 37 publications

References 10 publications

Factors affecting waterfowl use of constructed wetlands in northwestern Minnesota

Factors affecting waterfowl use of constructed wetlands in northwestern Minnesota

Habitat selection rules in breeding mallards ( Anas platyrhynchos ): a test of two competing hypotheses

The Comparison of Usage and Availability Measurements for Evaluating Resource Preference

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