Habitat use and activity patterns of<i>Leopardus pardalis</i>(Felidae) in the Northern Andes, Antioquia, Colombia

García-R., Sebastián; Botero-Cañola, Sebastian; Sánchez‐Giraldo, Camilo; Solari, Sergio

doi:10.1080/14888386.2019.1590235

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The implication is that the smaller felids were focused on nocturnal prey, the jaguarundi and tayra selected diurnal prey, and the dominant jaguar and puma spread their activity out throughout the 24-h cycle to encounter more and larger prey (a generalist strategy). These results are supported by many other studies of Neotropical mammals, as mentioned below ( de Oliveira 2002 ; Scognamillo et al 2003 ; Harmsen et al 2011 ; Foster et al 2013 ; Rueda et al 2013 ; Gutiérrez-González and López-González 2017 ; Pérez-Irineo et al 2017 ; Ávila–Nájera et al 2018 ; Dias et al 2018 ; Herrera et al 2018 ; Marinho et al 2018 , 2020 ; Massara et al 2018 ; García-R et al 2019 ; Nagy-Reis et al 2019a ; Santos et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Our study concluded that the nocturnal paca should be an important prey species for the nocturnal ocelot ( Table 2 ). Other studies have found a marked temporal overlap between ocelot and paca, with paca in Colombia being mainly nocturnal and paca in Brazil being strictly nocturnal during the rainy season and predominately nocturnal during the dry season ( Dias et al 2019 ; García-R et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Circadian activity patterns of mammalian predators and prey in Costa Rica

Botts

Eppert

Wiegman

et al. 2020

Journal of Mammalogy

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Temporal niche shifts can shape predator–prey interactions by enabling predator avoidance, enhancing feeding success, and reducing competition among predators. Using a community-based conservation approach, we investigated temporal niche partitioning of mammalian predators and prey across 12 long-term camera trap surveys in the Pacific slope and Talamanca Cordillera of Costa Rica. Temporal overlap and segregation were investigated between predator–prey and predator–predator pairs using overlap analysis, circular statistics, and relative abundance after accounting for differences in habitat, season, and human impact among sites. We made the assumption that predators select abundant prey and adjust their activity to maximize their temporal overlap, thus we predicted that abundant prey with high overlap would be preferred prey species for that predator. We also predicted that similar-sized pairs of predator species with the greatest potential for competitive interactions would have the highest temporal segregation. Our results supported the existence of temporal niche separation among the eight species of predators—the smaller Leopardus felids (ocelot, margay, oncilla) were primarily nocturnal, the largest felids (jaguar and puma) and coyote were cathemeral, and the smaller jaguarundi and tayra were mostly diurnal. Most prey species (67%) were primarily nocturnal versus diurnal or cathemeral (33%). Hierarchical clustering identified relationships among species with the most similar activity patterns. We discuss the primary prey and competitor species predicted for each of the eight predators. Contrary to our prediction, the activity pattern of similar-sized intraguild competitors overlapped more than dissimilar-sized competitors, suggesting that similar-sized predators are hunting the same prey at the same time. From this we conclude that prey availability is more important than competition in determining circadian activity patterns of Neotropical predators. Our results indicate the presence of a delicate balance of tropical food webs that may be disrupted by overhunting, leading to a depauperate community consisting of ubiquitous generalists and endangered specialists. With Central America a hotspot for hunting-induced “empty forests,” community-based conservation approaches may offer the best road to reduce illegal hunting and maintain the biodiversity and community structure of tropical forest systems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Circadian activity patterns of mammalian predators and prey in Costa Rica

Botts

Eppert

Wiegman

et al. 2020

Journal of Mammalogy

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“…From March 2013 to May 2017, and March 2019 to May 2020, we captured 20 ocelots (16 adults; 4 juveniles) with single-door, 108 × 55 × 40 cm steel wire Tomahawk (Tomahawk Trap Company, Tomahawk, WI, USA) box traps. We used a pole syringe to sedate adult ocelots with a mixture of zolazepam and tiletamine HCl (Telazol, Fort Dodge Laboratories, Fort Dodge, Iowa, USA) at 5 mg/kg [45] from 2013 to 2017 [38,49]. From 2019 to 2020, we sedated ocelots with a mixture of medetomidine HCl 0.05 mg/kg and ketamine hydrochloride at 4-5 mg/kg and used a reversal of 5 mg of atipamezole per 1 mg medetomidine (ZooPharm, Laramie, WY, USA).…”

Section: Ocelot Spatial Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last two decades there has been an increase in the number of studies that have suggested the importance of landscape structural metrics in describing ocelot habitat use patterns [31,32,39,41,45]. To date, only two studies have focused on suitability across southern Texas [46,47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape Structure of Woody Cover Patches for Endangered Ocelots in Southern Texas

et al. 2021

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Few ecological studies have explored landscape suitability using the gradient concept of landscape structure for wildlife species. Identification of conditions influencing the landscape ecology of endangered species allows for development of more robust recovery strategies. Our objectives were to (i) identify the range of landscape metrics (i.e., mean patch area; patch and edge densities; percent land cover; shape, aggregation, and largest patch indices) associated with woody vegetation used by ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), and (ii) quantify the potential distribution of suitable woody cover for ocelots across southern Texas. We used the gradient concept of landscape structure and the theory of slack combined with GPS telemetry data from 10 ocelots. Spatial distribution of high suitable woody cover is comprised of large patches, with low shape-index values (1.07–2.25), patch (27.21–72.50 patches/100 ha), and edge (0–191.50 m/ha) densities. High suitability landscape structure for ocelots occurs in 45.27% of woody cover in southern Texas. Our study demonstrates a new approach for measuring landscape suitability for ocelots in southern Texas. The range of landscape values identified that there are more large woody patches containing the spatial structure used by ocelots than previously suspected, which will aid in evaluating recovery and road planning efforts.

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“…Se indican el número de episodios independientes de 60 minutos (IE), la media y la desviación estándar circular (SD) de los vectores de actividad de cada especie. Los intervalos de confianza (CI) y la prueba de Rao (U) se calibraron a un alfa = 0,05. previous studies in the tropical rainforests of Mexico (Mendoza et al, 2019), Panamá (Suselbeek et al, 2014), the Brazilian Amazon (Gómez et al, 2005), and the Central Andes of Colombia (García-R. et al, 2019). This diurnal behaviour in Central American agoutis could increase its success in searching for seeds while avoiding the midday heat (Suselbeek et al, 2014;Duquette et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Daily activity pattern of pumas (Puma concolor) and their potential prey in a tropical cloud forest of Colombia

Cepeda-Duque

Gómez‐Valencia

Álvarez³

et al. 2021

Anim. Biodiv. Conserv.

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Ecosystems in the northern Andes face unprecedented habitat loss. Pumas are the top predators in the region and exert key ecological functions, such as population control and resource facilitation. However, little is known about the temporal niche of the species or its effects on behaviour of prey in the tropics. We hypothesized that there is a link between the activity patterns of pumas and their prey in a cloud forest of the Central Andes of Colombia. We installed 61 camera traps to estimate the degree of overlap between the daily activity curves of pumas and seven potential prey species, using conditional kernel density functions. Pumas, armadillos, mountain pacas, and white–eared opossums were mainly nocturnal, with little crepuscular activity and high temporal overlap. Central American agouti, mountain coati, little red brocket deer, and Cauca guan displayed a predominantly diurnal activity and temporal partitioning with pumas. As opportunistic predators, pumas were able to maximize foraging efficiency by preying on the crepuscular and nocturnal species. Conservation of this highland predator will largely depend on the suitable management of its native prey.

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Habitat use and activity patterns ofLeopardus pardalis(Felidae) in the Northern Andes, Antioquia, Colombia

Cited by 14 publications

References 56 publications

Circadian activity patterns of mammalian predators and prey in Costa Rica

Circadian activity patterns of mammalian predators and prey in Costa Rica

Landscape Structure of Woody Cover Patches for Endangered Ocelots in Southern Texas

Daily activity pattern of pumas (Puma concolor) and their potential prey in a tropical cloud forest of Colombia

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